Abstract: A practical method for determining the road surface drainage system design with the theoretical lowest total economic cost (LTEC) is developed. The LTEC method determines the design rain which, when used in a rational‐based ...

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to develop a method for assessing the risk associated with scour threat to bridge foundations. In response to numerous scour-related bridge failures, the Federal Highway Administration has ...

Abstract: Bridges that become partially or totally submerged during large floods are subject to pressure-flow scour, a condition where the flow is directed downward and under the bridge deck, creating an increase in flow velocity ...