Abstract: An ocean general circulation model (OGCM) is used to study the response of ocean heat and mass transport to positive and negative heat flux anomalies at the ocean surface. As expected, tropical and low-latitude mixed layers ...

Abstract: Noble gases such as argon are unaffected by chemical reactions in the ocean interior, but a number of physical mechanisms can lead to measurable sea level atmospheric disequilibrium in subsurface waters of the ocean. One ...

Abstract: he concept of the ?Asian monsoon? masks the existence of two separate summer rainfall régimes: convective storms over India, Bangladesh, and Nepal (the South Asian monsoon) and frontal rainfall over China, Japan, and the ...

Abstract: The authors have analyzed global station data and created a gridded dataset of monthly precipitation for the period of 1900?88. Statistical analyses suggest that discontinuities associated with instrumental errors are large ...

Abstract: A new 3D global coupled carbon?climate model is presented in the framework of the Community Climate System Model (CSM-1.4). The biogeochemical module includes explicit land water?carbon coupling, dynamic carbon allocation ...

Abstract: n the mid-Holocene, the climate of northern Africa was characterized by wetter conditions than present, as evidenced by higher paleolake levels and pollen assemblages of savannah vegetation suggesting a wetter, greener ...

Abstract: Most evapotranspiration over land occurs through vegetation. The fraction of net radiation balanced by evapotranspiration depends on stomatal controls. Stomates transpire water for the leaf to assimilate carbon, depending ...

Abstract: The Community Climate System Model (CCSM) has been created to represent the principal components of the climate system and their interactions. Development and applications of the model are carried out by the U.S. climate ...