Abstract: This paper presents a macroscopic constitutive model that is able to reproduce the uniaxial transformation ratcheting behaviors of the superelastic shape memory alloy (SMA) undergoing cyclic loading. A cosine-type phase ...

Abstract: The self-loosening process of a bolted joint due to ratcheting consists of two distinct external loading stages. The first stage of self-loosening, with relatively small loading magnitude, is due to the ratcheting deformation ...