Abstract: The problem of the lidar equation inversion lies in the fact that it requires a lidar calibration or else a reference value from the studied medium. This paper presents an approach to calibrate the lidar by calculating the ...

Abstract: The performance of measurement systems for small ice crystals is an important issue because of the need to characterize cirrus cloud microphysics for climate research. In a cloud formed of small quasi-spherical ice particles, ...

Abstract: During the intensive International Cirrus Experiment conducted over the North Sea during fall 1989, natural cirrus and contrail-induced cirrus were analyzed from in situ and remote sensing measurements (lidar and infrared ...

Abstract: Observations of halos and related phenomena due to ice crystals are commonly reported from ground observations and presented in the literature. Nevertheless, ice crystal characteristics have only been poorly documented ...