Abstract: Inclusion of Ekman damping in baroclinic models severely limits the range of unstable wavenumbers as well as the growth rate of the instabilities that remain. In contrast, there is much less reduction by the same dissipation ...

Abstract: Development of perturbations in a baroclinic flow can arise both from exponential instability and from the transient growth of favorably configured disturbances that are not of normal mode form. The transient growth mechanism ...

Abstract: Forecast reliability is known to be highly variable and this variability can be traced in part to differences in the innate predictability of atmospheric flow regimes. These differences in turn have traditionally been ...

Abstract: As the record of past climate becomes clearer, the existence of regimes has emerged as a primary characteristic of the climate system. Present climate is now known to represent one regime among others including glacial ...

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Abstract: The asymptotic response of the Charney baroclinic instability problem to a localized perturbation is determined using the formalism of Briggs (1964) and exploiting a recently obtained highly accurate WKB approximate ...

Abstract: The growth of perturbations in a baroclinic flow is examined as an initial value problem. Although the long time asymptotic behavior is dominated by discrete exponentially growing normal modes when they exist, these do not ...

Abstract: The asymptotic development at large time of waves arising from localized disturbances in a baroclinic flow is examined. Vertical structures unlike those associated with the more commonly examined temporal normal modes are ...

Abstract: Explaining the growth of disturbances superimposed on mean flows is a central problem in meteorology. Most widely studied models of the development process involve perturbations to shear flows with shear restricted to the ...

Abstract: In a preceding paper a simple dynamical model for the maintenance of upper-tropospheric waves was proposed: the upper-level Eady normal modes. In this paper it is shown that these modes have counterparts in basic states ...