Abstract: rban areas are believed to affect temperature readings, thereby biasing the estimation of twentieth-century warming at regional to global scales. The precise effect of changes in the surroundings of meteorological stations, ...

Abstract: Annually resolved summer temperatures for the European Alps are described. The reconstruction covers the a.d. 755?2004 period and is based on 180 recent and historic larch [Larix decidua Mill.] density series. The regional ...

Abstract: AbstractPaleoclimatic evidence is necessary to place the current warming and drying of the western Mediterranean basin in a long-term perspective of natural climate variability. Annually resolved and absolutely dated ...

Abstract: nnually resolved and absolutely dated tree-ring chronologies are the most important proxy archives to reconstruct climate variability over centuries to millennia. However, the suitability of tree-ring chronologies to reflect ...