Abstract: The larger objective of this research comes from the fact that optimization studies in “pumps operated as turbines” have concentrated only within flow zones without any physical perception regarding the influence of nonflow ...

Abstract: Pulmonary valves do not display a fibrous annulus as do other valves in the heart; thus, pulmonary valves can be implanted at multiple orientations and locations within the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT). This gives ...