Abstract: Direct calculations of the entrainment and detrainment of air into and out of clouds require knowledge of the relative velocity difference between the air and the cloud surface. However, a discrete numerical model grid ...

Abstract: Heat and temperature budget changes in a ?° model of the North Pacific driven by an idealized Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO) atmospheric forcing are diagnosed to determine the roles of atmospheric heat flux and ocean ...

Abstract: A 2°-resolution isopycnal model of the North Pacific Ocean is shown to produce anomalies that propagate around the subtropical gyre on the decadal time scale that do not appear in a 1°-resolution version of the same model. ...

Abstract: irect measurements of rates of entrainment into and detrainment from cumulus cloud cores obtained from LES model cloud fields produce values twice as large as those produced from tracer budget calculations. This difference ...