Abstract: An efficient method for computing the radiative?convective equilibrium temperature profile of a vertical?column atmospheric model is described. The equations which specify the equilibrium conditions are linearized to form ...

Abstract: Order-of-magnitude estimates are made for the feedbacks between the global mean surface temperature and the mean tropospheric lapse rate, the mean surface relative humidity and the mean atmospheric relative humidity profile. ...

Abstract: The results of simple zonal energy balance climate models are rather sensitive to the parameterizations used to calculate the fluxes of solar radiation absorbed, thermal radiation emitted and energy transported by the ...

Abstract: We report the observation of a feature that is characteristic of the reflection of solar radiation from absorbing, finite clouds. When absorption takes place, more radiation can be reflected by broken cloud fields than by ...

Abstract: The two-stream approximation has been applied to the equation of radiative transfer to obtain two?stream models for the transfer of radiation through an optically thin plane-parallel atmosphere. The models include the ...

Abstract: Radiative transfer calculations for a one-dimensional column model of the atmosphere containing a plane-parallel, homogeneous cloud are used to show that the common procedure of assuming that fields of view for high ...

Abstract: One-kilometer Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) observations of the effects of ships on low-level clouds off the west coast of the United States are used to derive limits for the degree to which clouds might ...

Abstract: We insert the effect of naturally occurring tropospheric aerosols on solar radiation into the NCAR Community Climate Model (CCM). The effect of the aerosol depends on concentration and type (continental, maritime), surface ...

Abstract: A time history of the calibration coefficients for channels 1 and 2 of the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) on the NOAA-12 and NOAA-15 spacecraft is presented. The history is based on reflectances observed ...

Abstract: An error analysis is presented for cloud-top pressure and cloud-amount retrieval using infrared sounder data. Rms and bias errors are determined for instrument noise (typical of the HIRS-2 instrument on TIROS-N) and for ...