Abstract: Recent analysis of 38 globally distributed paleoclimatic records covering Marine Isotope Stage 3 (MIS 3) 60?26 ka demonstrated that the two leading empirical orthogonal functions (EOFs) explaining the data are the Greenland ...

Abstract: low in geophysical fluids is commonly summarized by coherent streams (e.g., conveyor belt flows in extratropical cyclones or jet streaks in the upper troposphere). Typically, parcel trajectories are calculated from the ...

Abstract: xtratropical cyclones with damaging winds can have large socio-economic impacts when they make landfall. During the last decade, studies have identified a mesoscale transient jet, the sting jet, that descends from the tip ...

Abstract: adar ducting is caused by sharp vertical changes in temperature and, especially, water vapor at the top of the atmospheric boundary layer, both of which are sensitive to variations in the underlying surface conditions, ...

Abstract: An isolated thunderstorm formed in the southern United Kingdom on 15 June 2005 and moved through the area where a large number of observational instruments were deployed as part of the Convective Storm Initiation Project. ...

Abstract: Many factors, both mesoscale and larger scale, often come together in order for a particular convective initiation to take place. The authors describe a modeling study of a case from the Convective Storms Initiation Project ...

Abstract: tmospheric water vapor estimates from static ground-based Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers are now operationally assimilated into numerical weather prediction models, either as total precipitable water ...

Abstract: Retreat of the Laurentide Ice Sheet (LIS) following the Last Glacial Maximum 21 000 yr BP affected regional to global climate and accounted for the largest proportion of sea level rise. Although the late Pleistocene LIS ...

Abstract: With many operational centers moving toward order 1-km-gridlength models for routine weather forecasting, this paper presents a systematic investigation of the properties of high-resolution versions of the Met Office Unified ...

Abstract: A new frontier in weather forecasting is emerging by operational forecast models now being run at convection-permitting resolutions at many national weather services. However, this is not a panacea; significant systematic ...