Abstract: Bridge failure as a result of scour may cause a serious disaster because it tends to occur suddenly and without prior warning. Although the scour depth around a bridge pier is an important index to evaluate the condition ...

Abstract: Scouring around bridge piers is an important safety issue of bridge management since it can lead to bridge slant and collapse. Therefore, bridge scour depth is an important index to determine a bridge’s safety condition. ...

Abstract: Time-cost trade-off analysis is one of the most important aspects of construction project planning and control. There are trade-offs between time and cost to complete the activities of a project; in general, the less ...

Abstract: Traditional time-cost trade-off analysis assumes that the time and cost of an option within an activity are deterministic. However, in reality the time and cost are uncertain. Therefore, in analyzing the time-cost trade-off ...

Abstract: Construction planners must select appropriate resources, including crew size, equipment, methods, and technologies, to perform the tasks of a construction project. In general, there is a trade-off between time and cost to ...

Abstract: This study selected five indexes to determine the relationship between data quality and positioning precision. These indexes are multipath on L1, multipath on L2, observations by cycle slips, clock offset, and clock ...