Abstract: In order to test the effect of fin structure on the condensing heat transfer of refrigerants outside the low thermal conductivity tubes, condensation of R-134a, R-1234ze(E), and R-1233zd(E) on two enhanced titanium tubes ...

Abstract: Snow and ice accumulation on asphalt pavement can increase the risk of traffic issues. The traditional method of removing snow and ice manually or mechanically from the road surface is time-consuming and labor-intensive. ...