Abstract: Glass fiber‒reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars are increasingly recognized as promising reinforcement options for seawater–sea sand concrete because of their chloride resistance. However, the internal alkalinity of concrete ...

Abstract: The facing design of soil nail walls against flexure, punching shear, and headed-stud tensile limit states has been rarely studied within the reliability-based design framework. This study presents reliability analyses of ...

Abstract: The use of glass fiber‒reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars in seawater–sea sand geopolymer mortars (SSGMs) for coastal engineering has gained significant traction because of the potential to enhance the utilization of noncorrosive ...