Abstract: An integrated cold chain inventory model of a manufacturer, a distributor, and multiple retailers in a finite horizon is established. The three-echelon model assumes that the demand rate is a time-varying function and that ...

Abstract: Wind turbines operating in cold climate are susceptible to icing events. In order to gain a better understanding of the blade icing, the water droplets local collection efficiency affected by different factors was investigated. ...

Abstract: Icing on wind turbines is a major problem in cold regions. To study blade icing, water droplet collection efficiency is calculated on the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) phase VI blade. First, water droplet ...

Abstract: The vertical wind shear is one of the major sources of fatigue loads on the blades of a horizontal axis wind turbine. Traditionally, the active individual pitch control system is used to alleviate the cyclic load fluctuations, ...

Abstract: Along with the upscaling tendency, lighter and so more flexible wind turbine blades are introduced for reducing material and manufacturing costs. The flexible blade deforms under aerodynamic loads and in turn affects the ...

Abstract: How to know the price of residential land located at a mine subsidence site is still a critical consideration for land transaction and development. Typically, a mining area inevitably faces a series of environmental issues, ...