Abstract: Many low-frequency phenomena such as the Madden?Julian oscillation (MJO) or the El Niño?Southern Oscillation (ENSO) exhibit rapid growth where they appear to be undergoing a phase locking with other time scales such as the ...

Abstract: Many frost events over southeastern Brazil are accompanied by a large-amplitude upper trough of the middle latitudes that extends well into the Tropics. This paper first illustrates that a mechanism of downstream amplification ...

Abstract: This study is based on a global coupled atmosphere?ocean model climate prediction that was designed to include 14 layers over the atmosphere and 17 layers within the ocean. In this model an 11-yr data assimilation includes ...