Abstract: In situ data of the Mediterranean Water undercurrents and eddies south of Portugal indicate that the undercurrents have a tubelike structure in potential vorticity and that dipole formation can occur when the lower ...

Abstract: early all the subsurface eddies detected in seismic imaging of sections in the northeast Atlantic have been assumed to be anticyclones containing Mediterranean Water (MW). Fewer MW cyclones have been observed and studied. ...

Abstract: n this study, the authors first show that it is difficult to reconstruct the vertical structure of vortices using only surface observations. In particular, they show that the recent surface quasigeostrophy (SQG) and interior ...