Abstract: The semigeostrophic, two-dimensional, uniform potential vorticity Eady wave model developed by Hoskins and Bretherton has been modified by embedding Newtonian (radiative) cooling. The observation that with this modification ...

Abstract: A conceptual framework, within which the bulk recycling models could incorporate the effects related to an incomplete vertical mixing of water in the tropospheric column, is developed. As an example, the bulk model with ...

Abstract: An efficient method for precipitation recycling calculations based on the general bulk recycling model is developed and applied to the Amazon basin region. The results are compared with the estimates provided by simplified ...

Abstract: Budyko's model for estimating the contributions of locally evaporated and advected moisture to regional precipitation is extended to two dimensions. It is shown that a simple extension by analogy of the one-dimensional ...