Abstract: The incorporation of expansion joints in the parapet wall of bridge girders is standard practice to account for factors such as temperature differentials, shrinkage, and settlement. Gaining an understanding of the influence ...

Abstract: Spray-based three-dimensional (3D) concrete printing is an innovative method to automatically construct structures on vertical and overhead surfaces, which contributes to less labor investment and construction time. On the ...

Abstract: The dynamic performance of a new bridge system utilizing hybrid spread steel box girders, in which the steel box girders are spaced apart instead of conventional multicell box girders, was evaluated based on field tests ...