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RISAnnual Heat Gain of the Tropical Atlantic Computed from Subsurface Ocean Data
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: Charts are presented which show the seasonal and annual rates of heat gain of the tropical North Atlantic Ocean. These rates have been computed using subsurface oceanographic data and wind-stress data. In these computations ...
An Improved Coupled Model for ENSO Prediction and Implications for Ocean Initialization. Part II: The Coupled Model
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: An improved forecast system has been developed and implemented for ENSO prediction at the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP). This system consists of a new ocean data assimilation system and an improved ...
An Improved Coupled Model for ENSO Prediction and Implications for Ocean Initialization. Part I: The Ocean Data Assimilation System
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: An improved forecast system has been developed for El Niño?Southern Oscillation (ENSO) prediction at the National Centers for Environmental Prediction. Improvements have been made both to the ocean data assimilation system ...
Impact of Sea Level Assimilation on Salinity Variability in the Western Equatorial Pacific
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: In the primitive equation model for the tropical Pacific at the National Centers for Environmental Prediction, subsurface temperature observations are assimilated. The addition of TOPEX/Poseidon sea level observations to ...
The Circulation in the Gulf of Mexico Derived from Estimated Dynamic Height Fields
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: Monthly mean dynamic height topographies for the upper 500 m of the Gulf of Mexico, seasonal mean topographies for the upper 1000 m and annual topographies for the deep flow are presented. The dynamic height values on a ...
Retrospective Analysis of the Salinity Variability in the Western Tropical Pacific Ocean Using an Indirect Minimization Approach
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: Empirical orthogonal functions of the combined variability of temperature and salinity have been used as basis functions for the indirect reconstruction of salinity from observations of temperature alone. The method employs ...
An Analysis of the Temporal Evolution of ENSO Prediction Skill in the Context of the Equatorial Pacific Ocean Observing System
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: ubsurface ocean observations in the equatorial tropical Pacific Ocean dramatically increased after the 1990s because of the completion of the TAO moored array and a steady increase in Argo floats. In this analysis the ...
Use of TOPEX/Poseidon Sea Level Data for Ocean Analyses and ENSO Prediction: Some Early Results
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: In this study, two sets of Pacific Ocean analyses for 1993?96 were analyzed. Both analyses were produced with the assimilation of subsurface temperature data from expendable bathythermographs and tropical atmosphere?ocean ...
Absolute Geostrophic Velocity Determination from Historical Hydrographic Data in the Western North Atlantic
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: Beta-spiral calculations are presented using averaged western North Atlantic hydrographic data from the period 1914?73. Profiles of long-term mean geostrophic flow relative to ISM db along 70°W from 26 to 32°N are shown. ...
A Hybrid Global Ocean Data Assimilation System at NCEP
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: easonal forecasting with a coupled model requires accurate initial conditions for the ocean. A hybrid data assimilation has been implemented within the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Global Ocean Data ...