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RISIsolating the Industrial Contribution of PM2.5 in Hamilton and Burlington, Ontario
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: ourly measurements of particulate matter that is smaller than 2.5 ?m in diameter (PM2.5) have been made at air-monitoring sites in Hamilton and Burlington, Ontario, Canada, since 2003. These sites are separated by ~6 km; ...
Accounting for Unresolved Clouds in a 1D Infrared Radiative Transfer Model. Part II: Horizontal Variability of Cloud Water Path
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: A 1D infrared radiative transfer model that handles clouds with subgrid-scale horizontal variability is developed and tested. It assumes that fluctuations in cloud absorptance optical depth ? across layers (and collections ...
A Radiation Algorithm with Correlated-k Distribution. Part I: Local Thermal Equilibrium
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: A new radiation scheme is proposed that uses the correlated-k distribution (CKD) method. The definition of the k-distribution function, the transformation between frequency space and k space, and the upper limit of the ...
Optical Depth of Overcast Cloud across Canada: Estimates Based on Surface Pyranometer and Satellite Measurements
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: Overcast cloud optical depths τ are inferred from hourly, broadband surface pyranometer measurements of global irradiance for 21 Canadian stations. A radiative transfer model that treats the atmosphere as plane-parallel ...
The Monte Carlo Independent Column Approximation’s Conditional Random Noise: Impact on Simulated Climate
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: The Monte Carlo Independent Column Approximation (McICA) method for computing domain-average radiative fluxes is unbiased with respect to the full ICA, but its flux estimates contain conditional random noise. Results for ...
Monte Carlo Simulation of Solar Reflectances for Cloudy Atmospheres
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: Monte Carlo simulations of solar radiative transfer were performed for a well-resolved, large, three-dimensional (3D) domain of boundary layer cloud simulated by a cloud-resolving model. In order to represent 3D distributions ...
Cloud Geometry Effects on Atmospheric Solar Absorption
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: A 3D broadband solar radiative transfer scheme is formulated by integrating a Monte Carlo photon transport algorithm with the Fu?Liou radiation model. It is applied to fields of tropical mesoscale convective clouds and ...
Impact of a New Radiation Package, McRad, in the ECMWF Integrated Forecasting System
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: A new radiation package, ?McRad,? has become operational with cycle 32R2 of the Integrated Forecasting System (IFS) of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). McRad includes an improved description ...
Inference of Cloud Optical Depth from Aircraft-Based Solar Radiometric Measurements
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: A method is introduced for inferring cloud optical depth τ from solar radiometric measurements made on an aircraft at altitude z. It is assessed using simulated radiometric measurements produced by a 3D Monte Carlo algorithm ...
Assessing a Cloud Optical Depth Retrieval Algorithm with Model-Generated Data and the Frozen Turbulence Assumption
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: A cloud optical depth retrieval algorithm that utilizes time series of solar irradiance and zenith downwelling radiance data collected at a fixed surface site is assessed using model-generated cloud fields and simulated ...