Abstract: The effect of buoyancy forcing on the residual circulation in the Southern Ocean is examined in two different ways. First, the rates of water-mass transformation and formation are estimated using air?sea fluxes of heat and ...

Abstract: sing a process study model, the effect of mixed layer submesoscale instabilities on the lateral mixing of passive tracers in the pycnocline is explored. Mixed layer eddies that are generated from the baroclinic instability ...

Abstract: outhern Hemisphere (SH) stratospheric variability is investigated with respect to chaotic behavior using time series from three different variables extracted from four different reanalysis products. The results are compared ...

Abstract: hree-dimensional (3D) finite-time Lyapunov exponents (FTLEs) are computed from numerical simulations of a freely evolving mixed layer (ML) front in a zonal channel undergoing baroclinic instability. The 3D FTLEs show a ...

Abstract: orthern Hemisphere stratospheric variability is investigated with respect to chaotic behavior using time series from three different variables extracted from four different reanalysis products and two numerical model runs ...

Abstract: ransformation and formation rates of water masses in the Southern Ocean are estimated in a neutral-surface framework using air?sea fluxes of heat and freshwater together with in situ estimates of diapycnal mixing. The ...

Abstract: ABSTRACTThe North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and the Arctic Oscillation (AO) describe the dominant part of the variability in the Northern Hemisphere extratropical troposphere. Because of the strong connection of these ...

Abstract: ateral stirring is a basic oceanographic phenomenon affecting the distribution of physical, chemical, and biological fields. Eddy stirring at scales on the order of 100 km (the mesoscale) is fairly well understood and ...