Abstract: The development of OpenFES hardware presented in this paper involved a closed-loop functional electrical stimulation (FES) system that could be assembled from off-the-shelf parts in India. The ...

Abstract: A layered manufacturing technique that uses electrophotography is described where powder is picked up and deposited using a charged photoconducting surface and deposited layer by layer on a build ...

Abstract: Functional electrical stimulation (FES) facilitates ambulatory function after paralysis by activating the muscles of the lower extremities. Individuals with incomplete spinal cord injury (iSCI) ...

Abstract: Objective: Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) triggered by manual switch provides brace-free ambulation to wheelchair dependent individuals with spinal cord injuries. An electromyogram (EMG)-based ...