Abstract: A research attempt was made to design a controlled low-strength material (CLSM) mix that can be used as bedding and haunch material for a pipeline by using the native soil as fine aggregate. Several CLSM mix designs were ...

Abstract: In pipeline construction projects when high-plasticity clayey soils are encountered in the excavated trench material, they are typically landfilled and better quality materials are imported from outside quarry sources for ...