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RISInterannual Variations of the Tropical Ocean Instability Wave and ENSO
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: Using ocean data assimilation products, variability of eastern Pacific Ocean tropical instability waves (TIWs) and their interaction with the El Niño?Southern Oscillation (ENSO) were analyzed. TIWs are known to heat the ...
Conditional Maximum Covariance Analysis and Its Application to the Tropical Indian Ocean SST and Surface Wind Stress Anomalies
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: This study introduces the conditional maximum covariance analysis (CMCA). The normal maximum covariance analysis (MCA) is a method that isolates the most coherent pairs of spatial patterns and their associated time series ...
Atmospheric Responses of Gill-Type and Lindzen–Nigam Models to Global Warming
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: he equatorial Pacific atmosphere responds differently to global warming in the Gill-type and Lindzen?Nigam models. Under an assumption of no change in the zonal sea surface temperature (SST) gradient in the Gill-type model, ...
The Forced and Intrinsic Low-Frequency Modes in the North Pacific
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: Conditional maximum covariance analysis is applied to investigate the coherent patterns between the tropical and North Pacific SST and the North Pacific 500-hPa geopotential height anomalies. Two leading modes are identified. ...
Interdecadal Change of the Structure of the ENSO Mode and Its Impact on the ENSO Frequency
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: In the late 1970s, the ENSO cycle exhibited frequency change. The oscillation period increased from 2?4 yr (high frequency) during 1962?75 to 4?6 yr (low frequency) during 1980?93. Observations suggest that this frequency ...
Mechanisms of Locking of the El Niño and La Niña Mature Phases to Boreal Winter
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: The peaks of El Niño in the Cane?Zebiak (CZ) model tend to appear most frequently around November when the ocean Rossby waves, which were amplified during the previous unstable season (February?May), turn back to the eastern ...
ENSO Feedbacks and Associated Time Scales of Variability in a Multimodel Ensemble
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: The background state of the equatorial Pacific determines the prevalence of a ?slow? recharge oscillator-type ENSO over a ?fast? quasi-biennial surface-driven ENSO. The first is controlled to a large extent by the thermocline ...
Kelvin and Rossby Wave Contributions to the SST Oscillation of ENSO
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: A simple model of interannual SST oscillation is developed using the two wave components of Kelvin and lowest symmetric Rossby waves. The model dynamics is similar to that of A. C. Hirst except the wind stress is simply ...
Nonlinearity and Asymmetry of ENSO
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: El Niño events (warm) are often stronger than La Niña events (cold). This asymmetry is an intrinsic nonlinear characteristic of the El Niño?Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon. In order to measure the nonlinearity of ...
A Further Investigation of the Recharge Oscillator Paradigm for ENSO Using a Simple Coupled Model with the Zonal Mean and Eddy Separated
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: The recharge oscillator paradigm for ENSO is further investigated by using a simple coupled model, which externally includes the equatorial wave dynamics represented by the Kelvin and gravest symmetric Rossby waves. To ...