Abstract: Natural pozzolans, also known as trass, can be used in cement manufacturing due to their cementitious properties after reaction with calcium hydroxide. At different mixture proportions, the strength, setting time, workability, ...

Abstract: Abrasion of concrete occurs due to scraping, rubbing, skidding, or sliding of objects on its surface. The abrasion resistance of concrete is influenced by a number of factors, such as compressive strength, surfacing finish, ...

Abstract: In earthquake engineering, the performance-based design method is used to determine the expected performance level of structures under an earthquake effect. The level of performance is related to the damage situation that ...