The Variation of Ice Strength Within and Between Multiyear Pressure Ridges in the Beaufort Sea

Abstract

A recent series of tests on the uniaxial compressive strength of ice samples taken from multiyear pressure ridges allows the testing of several hypotheses concerning the variation in strength within and between ridges. The data set consists of 218 strength tests performed at two temperatures (−5° and −20°C) and two strain rates (10−3 and 10−5 s−1 ). There was no significant difference between the strength of the ice from the ridge sails and the ice from the ridge keels when tested under identical conditions. As the total porosity of the ice from the sails is higher by 40 percent than the ice from the keels, the lack of a significant difference is believed to result from the large variations in the structure of the ice which occur randomly throughout the cores. A three-level analysis of variance model was used to study the variations in strength between 10 different ridges, between cores located side by side in a given ridge, and between samples from the same core. In all cases the main factor contributing to the observed variance was the differences within cores. This is not surprising considering the rather extreme local variability in the structure of ice in such ridges. There was no reason at the 5 percent level of significance to doubt the hypothesis that the different cores at the same site and the different ridges have equal strength means.