Lower-Bound Finite-Element Limit Analysis of Axisymmetric Active Earth Pressure Incorporating Shear Strength Nonlinearity of Soils

Abstract

Abstract For evaluating active earth pressures under plane strain conditions, extensive studies are available. However, research on axisymmetric active earth pressures remains limited and mostly employs the linear Mohr–Coulomb yield criterion, which does ... Practical Applications The shear strength nonlinearity is one of the inherent key characteristics commonly observed in geomaterials, which cannot be accurately described using the conventional Mohr–Coulomb failure criterion. This limitation often leads ...