Sustainable Approach to Mortar Production Using Mint Stem Aggregates: Investigating the Thermal, Mechanical, and Physical Performance

Abstract

Sustainability is becoming increasingly pivotal in the construction industry, prompting a shift toward the use of bio-sourced waste materials. This study presents a novel application of mint stem (MS) waste as an additive in mortar with the aim of harnessing its cellulosic nature to enhance thermal insulation. The mineralogical and chemical properties of the raw materials were examined to understand their inherent characteristics and suitability for mortar composite development. The modified mortars were subjected to thermal and mechanical evaluations with MS proportions up to 6% by cement mass. The hot disk method revealed a substantial reduction in thermal conductivity (over 50%), whereas compressive strength testing indicated a decrease with higher MS content. The water absorption increased slightly, implying changes in porosity. These findings suggest that MS can play a significant role in the development of energy-efficient building materials, despite trade-offs in mechanical strength. This study discusses the implications of these results for sustainable construction and the potential of MS-enhanced mortar.