Calibration of Pore Pressure Model for the Liquefaction Prediction of Soils Based on Behavior of Clean Sand, Magnitude Scaling Factor, and Initial Stress Level

Abstract

The pore pressure model was developed in the past to predict liquefaction induced by an earthquake. Its main advantage is that its parameters can be obtained from experiments based on direct measurement of pore pressure data. However, two downsides of the pioneering model are that its parameters are distinct for each relative density, and that liquefaction curves derived from the model have not been evaluated fully based on well-known triggering liquefaction curves. This research advances the pore pressure model by introducing a method of adjusting the incremental pore pressure rise using calibration factors. Based on the behavior of clean sand, calibration factors, which take into account the effect of the critical stress ratio, earthquake magnitude, and initial stress level, were derived. The calibrated pore pressure model was compared with data from direct simple shear tests to verify the derived calibration factors, and good agreement between the measured and predicted data was observed.