| description abstract | Recently, the research interest of hole-flanging has turned from conventional press-working to single-point incremental forming (SPIF) as a viable process for small- and medium-sized batches. Both technologies have been studied separately using different approaches and, therefore, most studies cannot be easily compared. Besides, some studies that measured the formability in SPIF using the classical limiting forming ratio (LFR) showed conflicting results that still need to be clarified. Under these circumstances, the aim of this work is to provide a better understanding of the deformation process and the material formability in hole-flanging by critically comparing both forming processes. To this end, a series of experimental tests on AA7075-O sheet of 1.6-mm thickness by press-working and single-stage SPIF, using forming tools with different profile radii, are analyzed. The material formability and flange geometry are compared and discussed in detail. The process limits are analyzed by using both the Forming Limit Diagram (FLD) and the LFR. The failure modes by necking and fracture are clearly identified and assessed on both processes along with the influence of the bending induced by the tools during the flange forming. Results conclude that the LFR is not an adequate parameter to compare formability between processes other than press-working and, accordingly, two additional variables based on either the flange height or the average thickness reduction are proposed to successfully analyze flangeability. | |
