Numerical Modeling of Zoned Rockfill Dam during Construction Considering Granular Interface Behavior

Abstract

The behavior of interfaces between granular materials in zoned embankment dams can influence their overall behavior. Soil–structure interfaces have been largely studied, but only a few analyses of interfaces between the granular materials composing rockfill dams have been realized. Consequently, there is a need to consider the influence of material interfaces within dams. Numerical modeling of a rockfill dam was performed to simulate its mechanical behavior during the construction phase. The behavior was analyzed based on the numerical methods used to model the interfaces and on interface characteristics through sensitivity analyses. Particular attention was paid to the influence of interface shear strength on the dam shear deformations, settlements, and plasticity. The numerical results highlight that the contact condition and the interface characteristics influence the dam behavior. Low shear resistance of interface engenders an increase of relative displacements, settlements, and shear strains in the dam. Moreover, the dilative behavior of the interfaces also affects the overall dam behavior.