Results of Air Barbotage Experiments Simulating Two-Phase Flow in a CANDU End Shield During In-Vessel Retention

Abstract

This paper presents the results of experimental investigations into two-phase mass transport in a coarse packed bed representing the Canada Deuterium Uranium (CANDU) end shield. This work contributes to understanding of phenomena impacting in-vessel retention (IVR) during postulated severe accidents in CANDU reactors. The air barbotage technique was used to represent boiling at the calandria tubesheet surface facing the inner cavity of the end shield. Qualitative observations of the near-wall two-phase region were made during air injection. In addition, flow visualization was carried out through the addition of dye to the water. Air flow rate, shielding ball diameter, and cavity dimensions were varied within relevant ranges; and the impact of these parameters on the near-wall region was identified. A brief review of the relevant knowledge base is presented, allowing demonstration of the applicability of the test parameters. The observed phenomena are compared to published results involving similar geometries with capillary porous media.