Observations of the Leeuwin Current off Western Australia

Abstract

Shipboard observations made in May 1982 showed a definite poleward surface flow (the Leeuwin Current) over the West Australian shelf from 22°S to 28°S. The surface current was relatively fresh, warm, low in dissolved oxygen concentration, and high in nutrients. The current flowed against a strong wind. Only a small portion of its flux of 4 ? 106 m3 s?1 came from the Northwest Shelf. There was a subsurface equatorward current at a few hundred meters depth which was salty, high in oxygen concentration and low in nutrients. Observations from previous cruises show a surface geopotential gradient that could drive the surface current. It is suggested that winter deepening of the mixed layer may allow the geopotential gradient to overcome the wind stress.