Journal of Applied Meteorology: Recent submissions

Now showing items 901-920 of 6019

    • Discussion of the Elsasser Formulation for Infrared Fluxes 

      Charlock, T.; Herman, B. M. (American Meteorological Society, 1976)
      The Elsasser and Culbertson (1960) formulation for calculating radiative fluxes has been widely used by meteorologists. Corrections to the Elsasser and Culbertson scheme have been given by Zdunkowski et al. (1966). ...

    • Solar Radiation at a Site of Known Orientation on the Earth's Surface 

      Revfeim, K. J. A. (American Meteorological Society, 1976)
      Attenuation of solar radiation as a function of hour angle is expressed as a Fourier cosine series. A simple procedure is derived for calculating total direct daily radiation at a site with known latitude and orientation.

    • The Degree of Common Orientation of Hydrometeors Observed by Polarization Diversity Radars 

      Hendry, A.; McCormick, G. C.; Barge, B. L. (American Meteorological Society, 1976)
      Measurements are presented of the extent to which a common alignment of hydrometeors exists in various forms of precipitation. The observations, obtained with circularly-polarized radars situated at Penhold, Alberta and ...

    • Direct Condensation Nuclei Counter with Automatic Photographic Recording, and General Problems of “Absolute” Counters 

      Jaenicke, R.; Kanter, H. J. (American Meteorological Society, 1976)
      A nomenclature is given to distinguish between absolute, direct and indirect condensation nuclei counters. In the first part, a direct condensation nuclei counter (CNC) with photographic recording?the Kanter Photographic ...

    • Observations in Hailstorms Using the T-28 Aircraft System 

      Sand, Wayne R. (American Meteorological Society, 1976)
      This study relates data gathered during the penetration of hailstorms between 4.9 and 6.7 km MSL by an armored T-28 aircraft to detailed radar data of the hailstorms penetrated. These data recorded by the T-28 data system ...

    • Aerosols of the Trade Wind Region 

      Hogan, Austin W. (American Meteorological Society, 1976)
      A series of aerosol and meteorological observations have been obtained for the trade wind region, from a meteorological tower on the north shore of Oahu. These observations have been supported by aircraft experiments, and ...

    • A Mesoscale Phenomenon Revealed by an Acoustic Sounder 

      Petersen, Erik L.; Jensen, Niels Otto (American Meteorological Society, 1976)
      A particular phenomenon observed on an acoustic sounder record is analyzed, and is interpreted as being associated with the passing of a land breeze front. A simple physical explanation of the frontal movements is suggested. ...

    • Effects of Sound Speed Fluctuations on Sonic Anemometer Measurements 

      Friehe, Carl A. (American Meteorological Society, 1976)
      The effects of sound speed fluctuations on various measurements made with sonic anemometers are derived. Corrections due to temperature-generated sound speed fluctuations on measured statistics are estimated from the 1968 ...

    • The Evolution of the Clear Air Convective Layer Revealed by Surface-Based Remote Sensors 

      Noonkester, V. R. (American Meteorological Society, 1976)
      A frequency-modulated, continuous-wave (FM-CW) radar, a high-power, narrow-beam, S-band radar, and an acoustic echo sounder made unique simultaneous observations of the growth and decay of the convective layer near a ...

    • Ratio Estimators and Some Inherent Problems in Their Utilization 

      Flueck, John A.; Holland, Burt S. (American Meteorological Society, 1976)
      Ratio estimators are widely utilized in the physical and atmospheric sciences, although their properties and inherent problems are often unknown or overlooked. A number of problems and properties of ratio estimators are ...

    • Relative Diffusion of Tetroon Pairs During Convective Conditions 

      Hanna, Steven R. (American Meteorological Society, 1976)
      Observations of the relative diffusion of 13 sets of tetroon pairs in the mixed layer during convective conditions in eastern Tennessee are reported. The root-mean-square separation S is proportional to time t raised to a ...

    • A Hypothesis for Urban Rainfall Anomalies 

      Changnon, S. A.; Semonin, R. G.; Huff, F. A. (American Meteorological Society, 1976)
      METROMEX was the first major field program aimed at studying the reality and causes of urban rainfall anomalies suggested in several climatological studies. The results from the 1971?74 METROMEX data portray statistically ...

    • Effects of Urban Areas and Echo Merging on Radar Echo Behavior 

      Changnon, Stanley A. (American Meteorological Society, 1976)
      The temporal histories of 702 convective echoes measured in the St. Louis area during the 1973 summer were studied to discern potential effects on echo behavior of the urban influences and those effects resulting from the ...

    • A Model for the Simulation of Atmospheric Turbulence 

      Petersen, Erik Lundtang (American Meteorological Society, 1976)
      A method that produces realistic simulations of atmospheric turbulence is developed and analyzed. The procedure makes use of a generalized spectral analysis, often called a proper orthogonal decomposition or the Karhunen-Loève ...

    • Reply 

      Luna, R. E.; Church, H. W. (American Meteorological Society, 1976)
      tract

    • Instrumentation for the Remote Monitoring of Thunderstorm Activity 

      Gardner, Mark R. (American Meteorological Society, 1976)
      The development and operation of two types of thunder detection and recording systems are described. Both operate remotely and make a permanent record of lightning and thunder. They were developed to obtain objective and ...

    • Clear Air Convective Behavior Revealed by Radar Chaff 

      Rowland, John R. (American Meteorological Society, 1976)
      Radar chaff injected into the updraft region of individual clear air convective cells indicates that the cells are roughly spherical. It is noted that rapid mixing occurs within a cell but that little mixing occurs between ...

    • Umkehr Measurements at Tallahassee 

      Craig, Richard A. (American Meteorological Society, 1976)
      For a sample of 59 Umkehr measurements at Tallahassee, the N values are positively correlated with total amount of ozone at all zenith angles, and the normalized N values are positively correlated with the total amounts ...

    • A Note on the Effect of Stratospheric Ozone Fluctuations on Mean Transmitted Ultraviolet 

      Martin, Brian; Stewart, Clinton (American Meteorological Society, 1976)
      Fluctuations in the atmospheric ozone column may significantly increase mean transmitted ultraviolet radiation at biologically sensitive wavelengths, and increase mean photodissociation rates in the lower stratosphere.

    • On Estimating the Variance of Time Averages 

      Jones, Richard H. (American Meteorological Society, 1976)
      This note corrects two misprints and a degrees of freedom error in a recent paper on estimating the variance of time averages, and suggests an alternative method for estimating the spectral density near zero frequency on ...