Journal of Applied Meteorology: Recent submissions

Now showing items 521-540 of 6019

    • A Recent Increase in Sunshine Duration within the Contiguous United States 

      Angell, J. K.; Korshover, J. (American Meteorological Society, 1978)
      The tendency for a long-term decrease in annual sunshine duration within the contiguous United States reversed abruptly in 1972, and in 1976 the sunshine duration was 2% above average. The reversal was particularly pronounced ...

    • Variations in Measured Values of Lateral Diffusion Parameters 

      Doran, J. C.; Horst, T. W.; Nickola, P. W. (American Meteorological Society, 1978)
      The behavior of the quantity S = σy/xσ? for surface releases of tracers is examined. Variations in this quantity for different field programs are shown to be attributable largely to variations in sampling time t and averaging ...

    • Tropospheric Aerosols from Some Major Dust Storms of the Southwestern United States 

      Gillette, D. A.; Clayton, R. N.; Mayeda, T. K.; Jackson, M. L.; Sridhar, K. (American Meteorological Society, 1978)
      Tropospheric aerosols from major dust storms (visibility <11 km) originating in cultivated areas of the High Plains in west central Texas and adjacent areas of New Mexico, Oklahoma and Colorado, were sampled by ground-based ...

    • A Preliminary Numerical Study into the Effects of Coal Development on Cloud and Precipitation Processes in the Northern Great Plains 

      Hjelmfelt, Mark R.; Farley, Richard D.; Chen, Philip C. S. (American Meteorological Society, 1978)
      Numerical simulations are conducted to determine the possible effects of air pollution from coal-fired power plants on cloud and precipitation processes in the northern Great Plains. This study can only be considered as ...

    • What Do We Need in Weather Modification? 

      Silverman, Bernard A. (American Meteorological Society, 1978)
      The needs of weather modification are examined from the vantage point of a manager, from the Federal sector, of applied research and development in precipitation management. Several problems in the perspective with which ...

    • Weather Modification: The Economic Context 

      Swanson, Earl R. (American Meteorological Society, 1978)
      There are two types of agricultural production technology?mechanical (labor-saving) and biological-chemical (land-saving). Weather modification belongs to the second type. The emphasis on research and development for each ...

    • Air Flow in the Central Valley of Maui, Hawaii 

      Daniels, P. Anders; Schroeder, Thomas A. (American Meteorological Society, 1978)
      Low-level winds in the central valley of the island of Maui were investigated in a field program during August 1976. Forty-one sites were occupied using three mobile stations during a period of persistent trade winds. ...

    • What Weather Modification Needs—A Scientist's View 

      Simpson, Joanne (American Meteorological Society, 1978)
      The scientific and technological aspects of weather modification are addressed, emphasizing the need for physical understanding, sequential development, predictor variables and an interdisciplinary approach. The experience ...

    • VHF Direction Finder Studies of Lightning 

      MacClement, W. D.; Murty, R. C. (American Meteorological Society, 1978)
      The directions in which VHF pulses are received from thunderstorms are measured at the rate of over 600 s?1 with elapsed time also stored every 10 ms during bursts. This provides detailed information regarding the sequence ...

    • The Economics of Weather Modification: A Review and Suggestions for Future Economic Analysis 

      Sonka, Steven T. (American Meteorological Society, 1978)
      The article is a review of existing studies relating to the economics of weather modification. Five types of weather modification activities are considered: precipitation augmentation, lightning suppression, fog suppression, ...

    • The Initiation of Precipitation in Updrafts 

      Rokicki, Mary L.; Young, Kenneth C. (American Meteorological Society, 1978)
      The initial stages of the formation of precipitation in uniform updrafts under natural and seeded conditions are examined using a detailed microphysical model of parcel ascent. The effects of seeding are related to the ...

    • Size Sorting of Hail in a Three-Dimensional Updraft and Implications for Hail Suppression 

      Paluch, Ilga R. (American Meteorological Society, 1978)
      The size-sorting patterns of hail trajectories are examined in regard to their potential for hail suppression through beneficial competition and the induced lowering of hail trajectories. The trajectories are computed ...

    • The Probability of Hail in Relation to Radar Echo Heights on the South African Highveld 

      Held, Gerhard (American Meteorological Society, 1978)
      Thunderstorms in the vicinity of Johannesburg and Pretoria have been tracked by an S-band radar since 1971. A total of 181 individual cells which occurred during 1974/75 was selected for this study. Of these, the numbers ...

    • A Fourier Approach to Cloud Motion Estimation 

      Arking, Albert; Lo, Robert C.; Rosenfeld, Azriel (American Meteorological Society, 1978)
      A Fourier phase difference technique for cloud motion estimation from pairs of pictures is described. This technique makes use of the phase of the cross-spectral density; it allows motion estimates to be made for individual ...

    • An Accurate and Stable Pressure Sensor for Constant-Level Balloon Experiments from the Boundary Layer to the 10 kPa Level 

      Ovarlez, Joëlle; Crespin, Jacques; Orine, Guy (American Meteorological Society, 1978)
      This paper describes a sensor that answers to a need of accuracy, stability and low cost for constant-level balloon experiments. The same type of sensor can be employed for any level up to 10 kPa (100 mb) and we hope for ...

    • A Frost-Point Hygrometer for Horizontal Soundings of the Lower Stratosphere 

      Roulleau, M.; Poc, M. M. (American Meteorological Society, 1978)
      A new kind of frost-point hygrometer has been developed for horizontal soundings of the lower stratosphere. The cooling source, using the radiative cooling of a blackbody during the night, is able to cool the mirror down ...

    • Numerical Simulation of an Industrial Cumulus and Comparison with Observations 

      Murray, Francis W.; Koenig, L. Randall; Tag, Paul M. (American Meteorological Society, 1978)
      A two-dimensional field-of-flow numerical model of cloud development is used to study a cloud that formed over a refinery as a result of heat dissipated to the atmosphere. The observed vertical structure of the atmosphere ...

    • Scavenging of Urban Pollutants by Thunderstorm Rainfall: Numerical Experimentation 

      Hane, Carl E. (American Meteorological Society, 1978)
      Rainfall collected for the squall line case of 21 August 1972 in the St. Louis area has been analyzed for certain pollutants known to be present in urban air. To aid in the interpretation of these measurements a two-dimensional ...

    • An Analysis of the Relationship Between Rainfall and the Occurrence Of Traffic Accidents 

      Sherretz, Lynn A.; Farhar, Barbara C. (American Meteorological Society, 1978)
      Analysis of METROMEX rainfall data and traffic accident reports for seven southern Illinois cities within the area of the St. Louis precipitation anomaly revealed a statistically significant increase in the number of ...

    • Mesoscale Perturbations on Airflow in the Urban Mixing Layer 

      Wong, K. K.; Dirks, R. A. (American Meteorological Society, 1978)
      Urban perturbations on the mixing layer airflow over St. Louis were studied as a part of METROMEX. Case studies were conducted on summer days under generally undisturbed synoptic weather conditions. Based on simultaneous ...