Journal of Applied Meteorology: Recent submissions
Now showing items 4801-4820 of 6019
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Numerical Simulation of a Buoyant Thermal Using the k-ϵ Turbulence Model
(American Meteorological Society, 1994)Possibilities for describing turbulent mixing processes through the use of the two-equation k-? model modified to take into account the effects of streamline curvature and buoyancy are discussed. It is shown that one of ... -
Estimating Central Pressures of Oceanic Midlatitude Cyclones
(American Meteorological Society, 1994)A method of determining surface pressures in oceanic storm systems using ERS-1 scatterometer data is employed to determine the lowest pressures in 25 storms. This method uses the surface winds as a lower boundary condition ... -
Influence of Different Microphysical Schemes on the Prediction of Dissolution of Nonreactive Gases by Cloud Droplets and Raindrops
(American Meteorological Society, 1994)Three microphysical formulations are closely compared to evaluate their impact upon gas scavenging and wet deposition processes. They range from a classical bulk approach to a fully spectral representation, including an ... -
Sensible Heat Flux-Radiometric Surface Temperature Relationship for Eight Semiarid Areas
(American Meteorological Society, 1994)Measurements of sensible heat flux, radiometric surface temperature, air temperature, and wind speed made at eight semiarid rangeland sites were used to investigate the sensible heat flux-aerodynamic resistance relationship. ... -
The Meteorological Parameterization of Specific Attenuation in Rain Viewed at Nadir
(American Meteorological Society, 1994)Polynomial expressions are presented for the parameterization of the specific attenuation in rain from 9 to 38 GHz that are applicable to a wide range of naturally occurring drop size distributions and for viewing angles ... -
A Meteorology-Based Approach to Detecting the Relationship between Changes in SO2 Emission Rates and Precipitation Concentrations of Sulfate
(American Meteorological Society, 1994)In this paper, the authors present an analysis of correlations between SO2 emissions and wet SO2?4 concentrations over eastern North America that includes adjustments for the impact of meteorological variability. The ... -
Multivariate Space Time Analysis of PRE-STORM Precipitation
(American Meteorological Society, 1994)This paper presents the methodologies and results of the multivariate modeling and two-dimensional spectral and correlation analysis of PRE-STORM rainfall gauge data. Estimated parameters of the models for the specific ... -
Determination of Ice-Phase Water Capture Temperatures Using Isotopic Composition and Habits of Ice Crystals Relevance to Snowpack Augmentation
(American Meteorological Society, 1994)The oxygen 18/oxygen 16 (18O/16O) and deuterium/hydrogen (D/H) ratios of snowmelt have been used for estimating the weighted mean temperatures in clouds where ice-phase water capture has occurred during the precipitation-forming ... -
Principal Modes of Variation of Rain-Rate Probability Distributions
(American Meteorological Society, 1994)Radar or satellite observations of an area generate sequences of rain-rate maps. From a gridded map a histogram of rain rates can be obtained representing the relative areas occupied by rain rates of various strengths. The ... -
Mean Vertical Motions Seen by Radar Wind Profilers
(American Meteorological Society, 1994)Radar wind profilers have been used to measure directly the vertical motion above the radar site. Mean values of vertical motions in the troposphere and lower stratosphere reported at sites in and near mountains are often ... -
Remote Sensing of Vertical Velocity Variance and Surface Heat Flux in a Convective Boundary Layer
(American Meteorological Society, 1994)The vertical velocity variance in the convective atmospheric boundary layer is estimated from measurements made with a 915-MHz boundary layer wind-profiling radar. The vertical velocity variance estimates are used to infer ... -
Statistics of Wind over the Red Sea with Application to the Exodus Question
(American Meteorological Society, 1994)This paper supplements an earlier article by Nof and Paldor that offered a possible explanation for the biblical crossing of the Red Sea in terms of natural phenomena. In that article, it was suggested that sustained winds ... -
Experimental Measurements of Concentration Fluctuations and Scales in a Dispersing Plume in the Atmospheric Surface Layer Obtained Using a Very Fast Response Concentration Detector
(American Meteorological Society, 1994)High-frequency fluctuations of concentration in a plume dispersing in the atmospheric surface layer have been measured with high-resolution concentration detectors (approximately 270 Hz at the ?6-dB point) to extract various ... -
Energy Balance Model for Imagery and Electromagnetic Propagation
(American Meteorological Society, 1994)The character of temperature and moisture gradients in the atmospheric surface layer is shown to be related to the intensity of visual distortions or ?blurring? of images routinely detected by electo-optical systems and ... -
Arctic Ocean Radiative Fluxes and Cloud Forcing Estimated from the ISCCP C2 Cloud Dataset, 1983 1990
(American Meteorological Society, 1994)Radiative fluxes and cloud forcings for the ocean areas of the Arctic are computed from the monthly cloud product of the International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP) for 1983?90. Spatially averaged short-wave ... -
Cloud Classification of AVHRR Imagery in Maritime Regions Using a Probabilistic Neural Network
(American Meteorological Society, 1994)Using Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer data, 16 pixel ? 16 pixel sample areas are classified into one of ten output classes using a probabilistic neural network (PNN). The ten classes are cirrus, cirrocumulus, ... -
The Relative Importance of Oxidation Pathways and Clouds to Atmospheric Ambient Sulfate Production as Predicted by the Regional Acid Deposition Model
(American Meteorological Society, 1994)The development and use of a version of the Regional Acid Deposition Model/Engineering Model (RADM/FM) called the Comprehensive Sulfate Tracking Model (COMSTM) is reported. The COMSTM is used to diagnose the relative ... -
System Noise in the NESDIS TOVS Forward Model. Part I: Specification
(American Meteorological Society, 1994)The National Environmental Satellite Data and Information Service (NESDIS) collocation data archive of satellite and radiosonde measurements is used to investigate errors in in situ radiosonde data and a NESDIS-like radiative ... -
System Noise in the NESDIS TOVS Forward Model. Part II: Consequences
(American Meteorological Society, 1994)To utilize satellite radiance sounding data, in either explicit or implicit retrieval algorithms, a proper understanding of the noise in the measurements is required. Conventionally, to define the expected accuracy of ... -
Numerical Modeling of the Turbulent Fluxes of Chemically Reactive Trace Gases in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer
(American Meteorological Society, 1994)Turbulent fluxes of chemically reactive trace gases in the neutral atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) were simulated with a one-dimensional, coupled diffusion-chemistry model. The effects of rapid chemical reactions were ...