Journal of Applied Meteorology: Recent submissions
Now showing items 4661-4680 of 6019
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An Eulerian Model of Dispersion in the Convective Boundary Layer Using Explicit Periodic Advections
(American Meteorological Society, 1995)The authors have developed a relatively simple, first-order closure, Eulerian diffusion model, in which turbulent coherent structures of the convective boundary layer are explicitly included as periodic velocities imposed ... -
Cloudiness and Its Relationship to Saturation Pressure Differences during a Developing East Coast Winter Storm
(American Meteorological Society, 1995)Cloudiness derived from surface observations and the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite VISSR (Visible?Infrared Spin Scan Radiometer) Atmospheric Sounder (VAS) are compared with thermodynamic properties ... -
Lidar-Derived Cloud Optical Properties Obtained during the ECLIPS Program
(American Meteorological Society, 1995)This paper presents the Statistical properties of lidar-derived values of cloud extinction coefficients σ and optical depths τ. The data were collected at Toronto during two measurement phases (phase 1: September?October ... -
A Reexamination of the Formation of Exhaust Condensation Trails by Jet Aircraft
(American Meteorological Society, 1995)With the end of World War II, it became apparent that a study should be undertaken to identify the factors controlling the production of aircraft condensation trails (contrails). This early work provided a theoretical ... -
Measurements of Some Aerosol Properties Relevant to Radiative Forcing on the East Coast of the United States
(American Meteorological Society, 1995)Airborne measurements of aerosol light-scattering efficiencies are presented for a portion of the northeast Atlantic seaboard of the United State during July 1993. The measurements suggest a value for the sulfate ... -
The Role of Spaceborne Millimeter-Wave Radar in the Global Monitoring of Ice Cloud
(American Meteorological Society, 1995)The purpose of this paper is to assess the potential of a spaceborne 94-GHz radar for providing useful measurements of the vertical distribution and water content of ice clouds on a global scale. Calculations of longwave ... -
Radar and Radiation Properties of Ice Clouds
(American Meteorological Society, 1995)The authors derive relations of the equivalent radar reflectivity Ze and extinction coefficient α of ice clouds and confirm the theory by in situ aircraft observations during the First International Satellite Cloud Climatology ... -
Atmospheric Turbulence above Coastal Waters: Determination of Stability Classes and a Simple Model for Offshore Flow Including Advection and Dissipation
(American Meteorological Society, 1995)Atmospheric turbulence intensities and timescales have been measured for one year and modeled in a shoreline environment. Measurements were carded out at two sites on both sides of the shoreline, about 10 km from the beach. ... -
Lagrangian Stochastic Modeling of the Coastal Fumigation Phenomenon
(American Meteorological Society, 1995)Most coastal fumigation models utilize questionable assumptions and ignore some of the physics that play an important role in the diffusion process. The Lagrangian stochastic dispersion modeling technique has the potential ... -
Local-Scale Variability of Solar Radiation in a Mountainous Region
(American Meteorological Society, 1995)Simultaneous measurements of horizontal global solar irradiance and other meteorological parameters have been taken over three years at a dense radiometric network. The network is located on a mountainous region in ... -
A Multifractal Representation of the Small-Scale Structure in a Turbulent Plume
(American Meteorological Society, 1995)An improved method for representing the small-scale structure of a turbulent scalar field using fractal recursion techniques is described. The model generalizes the fractal successive refinement method described by Sykes ... -
Determination of Cloud Vertical Structure from Upper-Air Observations
(American Meteorological Society, 1995)A method is described to use rawinsonde data to estimate cloud vertical structure, including cloud-top and cloud-base heights, cloud-layer thickness, and the characteristics of multilayered clouds. Cloud-layer base and top ... -
The Influence of Vegetation on the Development and Structure of Mountain Waves
(American Meteorological Society, 1995)The influence of vegetative cover on the development of mountain waves is analyzed using a two-dimensional meso-? model. The model includes a detailed representation of surface fluxes and friction that evolve in time as ... -
Calculated and Measured Air and Soil Freeze-Thaw Frequencies
(American Meteorological Society, 1995)Freeze-thaw frequencies calculated by eight different counting methods were compared using daily maximum and minimum temperatures from eight north-central United States National Weather Service (NWS) stations. These ... -
Estimation of the Effect of Operational Seeding on Rain Amounts in Israel
(American Meteorological Society, 1995)During the period 1961?75, two cloud seeding experiments were carried out in Israel. The first Israeli experiment had a two-target crossover design. The results indicated a positive seeding effect of 15%, significant at ... -
Numerical Simulations of Shelterbelt Effects on Wind Direction
(American Meteorological Society, 1995)A neutral boundary layer nonhydrostatic numerical model is used to determine the characteristics of shelterbelt effects on mean wind direction and to study the processing causing wind rotation when air passes through a ... -
Influence of Grid Size and Terrain Resolution on Wind Field Predictions from an Operational Mesoscale Model
(American Meteorological Society, 1995)One of the activities of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Air Resources Laboratory is to predict the consequences of atmospheric releases of radioactivity and other potentially harmful materials. This ... -
Interpolation Errors in Wind Fields as a Function of Spatial and Temporal Resolution and Their Impact on Different Types of Kinematic Trajectories
(American Meteorological Society, 1995)This paper discusses some of the uncertainties that influence kinematic trajectory calculations. The interpolation errors due to different interpolation schemes are examined by degrading high-resolution wind fields from a ... -
Variations of Winds and Turbulence Seen by the 50-MHz Radar at White Sands Missile Range, New Mexico
(American Meteorological Society, 1995)The mean vertical profiles of the winds from about 5 to 20 km at White Sands Missile Range, New Mexico, are described. The variability of wind speed, spectral width, volume reflectivity calibrated as CN2, and vertical wind ... -
A Comparison of a Hierarchy of Models for Determining Energy Balance Components over Vegetation Canopies
(American Meteorological Society, 1995)Several methods for estimating surface energy balance components over a vegetated surface are compared. These include Penman-Monteith, Deardorff, and multilayer canopy (CANWHT) models for evaporation. Measurements taken ...