Journal of Applied Meteorology: Recent submissions
Now showing items 4401-4420 of 6019
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Variational Inversion of the SSM/I Observations during the ASTEX Campaign
(American Meteorological Society, 1997)Given the prospect of direct assimilation of satellite microwave radiances within numerical weather prediction (NWP) schemes, this study proposes to test a nonlinear inversion for retrieving geophysical parameters from ... -
Numerical Simulation of Dispersal of Inert Seeding Material in Israel Using a Three-Dimensional Mesoscale Model
(American Meteorological Society, 1997)A mesoscale model RAMS (the Regional Atmospheric Modeling System) was used to investigate the effectiveness of the broadcast static seeding method for dispersing particles into clouds, as it is used in Israel. The model ... -
Sensitivity of the Estimated Monthly Convective Rain Fraction to the Choice of Z–R Relation
(American Meteorological Society, 1997)This study investigates the sensitivity of the estimated monthly convective rain fraction?that is, the percentage of the areal rain accumulation contributed by precipitation identified as convective?to variations of the ... -
An Exploratory Analysis of Crop Hail Insurance Data for Evidence of Cloud Seeding Effects in North Dakota
(American Meteorological Society, 1997)The basis for the cloud seeding operations of the North Dakota Cloud Modification Project (NDCMP) is first outlined. Then the multiresponse permutation procedures are applied in an analysis of crop hail insurance data for ... -
The Retrieval of Stratocumulus Cloud Properties by Ground-Based Cloud Radar
(American Meteorological Society, 1997)The radiative characteristics of stratocumulus clouds are dependent upon their microphysical properties, primarily the liquid water content and effective radius of the drop population. Aircraft observations of droplet ... -
Variability of Space–Time Mean Rain Rate
(American Meteorological Society, 1997)A mixed lognormal distribution is fit to rain-rate data for the purpose of estimating the space?time mean. Using Fisher information, the large sample variance is obtained for grouped and ungrouped data estimates. The ... -
Diagnosing Convective Instability from GOES-8 Radiances
(American Meteorological Society, 1997)Statistical algorithms are developed to diagnose the vertical change in equivalent potential temperature (?Θe) between 920 and 620 hPa from GOES-8 radiance data. The models are prepared using a training dataset of radiosonde ... -
Polarimetrically Tuned R(Z) Relations and Comparison of Radar Rainfall Methods
(American Meteorological Society, 1997)The following rainfall measurements are compared: 1) the reflectivity factor?rain rate or R(Z) relation, whereby the rain is estimated point by point for mapping or area integration; 2) use of a specific differential phase ... -
Estimating 13.8-GHz Path-Integrated Attenuation from 10.7-GHz Brightness Temperatures for the TRMM Combined PR–TMI Precipitation Algorithm
(American Meteorological Society, 1997)This study presents research in support of the design and implementation of a combined radar?radiometer algorithm to be used for precipitation retrieval during the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM). The combined ... -
Factors Affecting the Distribution and Spillover of Precipitation in the Southern Alps of New Zealand—A Case Study
(American Meteorological Society, 1997)Rain gauge, radar, and atmospheric observations during a prolonged northwesterly storm in November 1994 have been used to study factors influencing the distribution of precipitation across the Southern Alps. Despite the ... -
Further Developments in Estimating Cloud Liquid Water over Land Using Microwave and Infrared Satellite Measurements
(American Meteorological Society, 1997)Refinements and improvements of an earlier technique to retrieve the cloud liquid water path (LWP) of nonprecipitating clouds over land surfaces using Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) 85.5-GHz measurements are ... -
A Comparison of the First-Guess Dependence of Precipitable Water Estimates from Three Techniques Using GOES Data
(American Meteorological Society, 1997)This paper evaluates and intercompares three existing algorithms for calculating precipitable water (PW) using infrared radiances from the GOES-7 VISSR (Visible and Infrared Spin Scan Radiometer) Atmospheric Sounder (VAS). ... -
Dependence of the Monin–Obukhov Stability Parameter on the Bulk Richardson Number over the Ocean
(American Meteorological Society, 1997)Recent measurements made onboard the R/P FLIP in the San Clemente Ocean Probing Experiment in September 1993 and onboard the R/V Moana Wave during Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean?Atmosphere Response Experiment ... -
Intense Convective Storms with Little or No Lightning over Central Arizona: A Case of Inadvertent Weather Modification?
(American Meteorological Society, 1997)On 20/21 August 1993, deep convective storms occurred across much of Arizona, except for the southwestern quarter of the state. Several storms were quite severe, producing downbursts and extensive wind damage in the greater ... -
Identification of Hydrometeors with Elliptical and Linear Polarization Ka-Band Radar
(American Meteorological Society, 1997)Polarimetric radar can be used to identify various types of hydrometeors. Ice crystals of the varied growth habits depolarize and backscatter millimeter-wavelength radiation according to crystal aspect ratio, bulk density, ... -
Spatially Distributed Sensible Heat Flux over a Semiarid Watershed. Part II: Use of a Variable Resistance Approach with Radiometric Surface Temperatures
(American Meteorological Society, 1997)Radiometric surface temperature images from aircraft observations over the Walnut Gulch Experimental Watershed, a semiarid rangeland watershed, were used with ground-based meteorological data at a reference site for ... -
Spatially Distributed Sensible Heat Flux over a Semiarid Watershed. Part I: Use of Radiometric Surface Temperatures and a Spatially Uniform Resistance
(American Meteorological Society, 1997)Spatially distributed radiometric surface temperatures over a semiarid watershed were computed using remotely sensed data acquired with an aircraft-based multispectral scanner during the Monsoon ?90 Large Scale Field ... -
Temporal and Spatial Variations of Hydrometeor Orientations in Thunderstorms
(American Meteorological Society, 1997)Changing orientations of hydrometeors due to rapidly changing electric fields in thunderstorms were observed by the 11-cm polarimetric Doppler radar that was operated by the Geophysics Directorate of Phillips Laboratory ... -
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Comments on “A New Look at the Israeli Cloud Seeding Experiments”
(American Meteorological Society, 1997)No abstract available.