Journal of Applied Meteorology: Recent submissions
Now showing items 4221-4240 of 6019
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Correction of Three-Dimensional Effects for Passive Microwave Remote Sensing of Convective Clouds
(American Meteorological Society, 1998)This paper presents a simple approach to adjust microwave brightness temperature distributions obtained from slant-path measurements for projection effects. Horizontal displacement in the direction of sight is caused by ... -
A Physical Evaluation of a Hail Suppression Project with Silver Iodide Ground Burners in Southwestern France
(American Meteorological Society, 1998)The large-scale hail prevention program operated by the Association Nationale d?Etude et de Lutte contre les Fléaux Atmosphériques in southwestern France combines the seeding of hail clouds by a network of silver iodide ... -
An Evaluation of GOES-8 Retrievals
(American Meteorological Society, 1998)The Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES-8) temperature?moisture retrievals were compared with collocated National Weather Service radiosonde observations (RAOBs) to assess retrieval performance. Retrieved ... -
Evaluation of an Atmospheric Boundary Layer Model Used for Air Pollution Studies
(American Meteorological Society, 1998)A three-dimensional mesoscale meteorological model was developed based on second-moment closure equations that were solved by the finite-element method. This paper aims to evaluate the performance of the model under flat ... -
Active Turbulence and Scalar Transport near the Forest–Atmosphere Interface
(American Meteorological Society, 1998)Turbulent velocity, temperature, water vapor concentration, and other scalars were measured at the canopy?atmosphere interface of a 13?14-m-tall uniform pine forest and a 33-m-tall nonuniform hardwood forest. These ... -
Relationship of Synoptic Winds and Complex Terrain Flows during the MISTRAL Field Experiment
(American Meteorological Society, 1998)The relationship between the surface and synoptic wind direction is examined climatologically in a complex terrain region. Surface winds were observed over a 1-yr period during the MISTRAL project in the Basel, Switzerland, ... -
A Dual-Wavelength Radar Method to Measure Snowfall Rate
(American Meteorological Society, 1998)A dual-wavelength radar method to estimate snowfall rate has been developed. The method suggests taking simultaneous and collocated reflectivity measurements at two radar wavelengths. Snowfall backscattering at one of these ... -
High-Resolution VHF Radar Measurements in the Troposphere with a Vertically Pointing Beam
(American Meteorological Society, 1998)Measurements using the Sounding System (SOUSY) VHF radar in the Harz Mountains, Germany, were carried out in the troposphere and lower stratosphere in the summer of 1996. To study the structure and the dynamics with high ... -
Estimation of Convective Rainfall from Lightning Observations
(American Meteorological Society, 1998)The objective of this study is to develop a technique to use lightning observations for estimating convective rainfall. A framework for rainfall estimation is developed in which key elements are 1) the rainfall?lightning ... -
Characteristics of Rainfall Distributions over Taiwan during the Taiwan Area Mesoscale Experiment (TAMEX)
(American Meteorological Society, 1998)Based on 808 daily rainfall stations, rainfall distributions over Taiwan during TAMEX (Taiwan Area Mesoscale Experiment) (10 May?27 June 1987) were analyzed. The total rainfall had a maximum on the windward slopes under ... -
Land Surface–Induced Regional Climate Change in Southern Israel
(American Meteorological Society, 1998)Since the mid-1960s, the southern part of Israel has experienced major land use changes following the start of the irrigation scheme and the subsequent intensification of agricultural practice. Several studies, mainly based ... -
Cloud Detection over the Arctic Region Using Airborne Imaging Spectrometer Data during the Daytime
(American Meteorological Society, 1998)Detection of clouds over arctic regions from current satellite radiometric measurements in the visible and IR atmospheric window regions, such as those of Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer and Landsat, is often ... -
Dispersion Modeling Using Ensemble Forecasts Compared to ETEX Measurements
(American Meteorological Society, 1998)Numerous numerical models are developed to predict long-range transport of hazardous air pollution in connection with accidental releases. When evaluating and improving such a model, it is important to detect uncertainties ... -
Forecasting of Chaotic Cloud Absorption Time Series for Meteorological and Plume Dispersion Modeling
(American Meteorological Society, 1998)A nonlinear forecasting method based on the reconstruction of a chaotic strange attractor from about 1.5 years of cloud absorption data obtained from half-hourly Meteosat infrared images was used to predict the behavior ... -
Scatterometer Observations at High Wind Speeds
(American Meteorological Society, 1998)Satellite scatterometer winds are commonly validated by comparing them to buoy observations and/or numerical model surface wind analyses. However, the empirical scatterometer algorithm (geophysical model function) has been ... -
Idealized Simulations of Atmospheric Coastal Flow along the Central Coast of California
(American Meteorological Society, 1998)A fully nonlinear, primitive equation hydrostatic numerical model is utilized to study coastal flow along central California, combining a realistic atmospheric model, with a higher-order turbulence closure, with highly ... -
Cloud Activation Characteristics of Airborne Erwinia carotovora Cells
(American Meteorological Society, 1998)Several strains of plant pathogenic bacteria, Erwinia carotovora carotovora and E. carotovora atroseptica, were observed to be active as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN). The CCN supersaturation spectra of bacterial aerosols ... -
Determination of the Shortwave Anisotropic Function for Clear-Sky Desert Scenes from ScaRaB Data: Comparison with Models Issued from Other Satellite Data
(American Meteorological Society, 1998)Determination of directional albedo and bidirectional anisotropic function are necessary to the radiance-to-flux conversion. The most recent model, used for the Earth Radiation Budget Experiment data, is based on data from ... -
A Neural Network Approach for a Fast and Accurate Computation of a Longwave Radiative Budget
(American Meteorological Society, 1998)The authors have investigated the possibility of elaborating a new generation of radiative transfer models for climate studies based on the neural network technique. The authors show that their neural network?based model, ... -
A Fractal Dimensional Analysis on the Cloud Shape Parameters of Cumulus over Land
(American Meteorological Society, 1998)High-resolution Landsat thematic mapper image data were employed in the present study to estimate the influence of regional wind systems on the macrophysical properties of cumulus clouds, such as perimeter fractal dimension, ...