Journal of Applied Meteorology: Recent submissions
Now showing items 401-420 of 6019
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Radiance Estimates from Truncated Observations
(American Meteorological Society, 1978)In many experiments where radiation emitted from the surface or lower atmosphere is to be measured, a fundamental difficulty is the presence of clouds. In this paper a technique is developed and described which uses a ... -
On the Relative Errors in Methods of Flux Calculations
(American Meteorological Society, 1978)This paper examines the differences in flux computed from the same profile data using different flux-gradient relationships. It was found that there are significant differences between the flux estimates computed using ... -
A Comparison of Cloud Motion Winds from ATS 6 Images with Coinciding SMS 1 Winds
(American Meteorological Society, 1978)A procedure has been developed to accurately measure cloud motion winds from the three-axis stabilized geosynchronous Applications Technology Satellite (ATS 6) without having to rely on its attitude sensor measurements. ... -
The Kinetic Energy of Hailfalls. Part II: Radar and Hailpads
(American Meteorological Society, 1978)The kinetic energy of hailfalls is measured with a 10 cm radar. For comparison of the results a total of 204 hailpad stations was used covering an area of 780 km2, i.e., one pad per 3.8 km2. The experimental setup is such ... -
Dual-Wavelength Doppler Radar Observations of Hail at Vertical Incidence
(American Meteorological Society, 1978)Calculations show that for spherical hail, a negative value of the range derivative of the logarithm of the ratio of the powers received at 10 and 3 cm wavelengths (P10 and P3, respectively) is indicative of the presence ... -
Frequency Distribution of Wind Speed Near the Surface
(American Meteorological Society, 1978)The purpose of this paper is to provide information about frequency distributions of wind speed near the surface of the earth. There has been a recent increased interest in this topic because of the potential for obtaining ... -
A Reanalysis of the Skagit Cloud Seeding Project
(American Meteorological Society, 1978)In a previous analysis by Hastay and Gladwell (1969) of the Skagit Cloud Seeding Project, the actual runoffs of the Skagit River during the two seeded years were compared to the runoffs predicted by a principal component ... -
The Effect of Some Meteorological Parameters on the Chemical Composition of Precipitation at the University Field Station, Trinidad, West Indies
(American Meteorological Society, 1978)Chemical constituents, NH4-N, NO3-N, urea-N, Mg, Ca, Na, K, Cl and SO4 in the precipitation at University Field Station, St. Augustine, Trinidad, were determined for a period of three years. Total annual loads of the ... -
Confidence Limits for Seeding Effect in Single-Area Weather Modification Experiments
(American Meteorological Society, 1978)A recurring problem in single-area randomized seeding experiments has been the assessment of statistical significance over all experimental units, such as days, when some of the units receive no precipitation. The present ... -
A Radio-Controlled Air Sampling System for Diffusion Experiments
(American Meteorological Society, 1978)A radio-controlled air sampling system was developed for sampling tracer gases at an array of remote, portable sampling stations. Each sampling station contains a receiver-decoder, a battery pack and three evacuated metal ... -
A Numerical Simulation of Pre-Ice-Nucleation Conditions in a Settling Cloud Chamber
(American Meteorological Society, 1978)A numerical model is constructed to simulate the evolution of pre-ice-nucleation conditions within a settling cloud chamber. Drop nucleation, growth, evaporation, sedimentation, and vertical and radial heat and moisture ... -
A Comparison of Radiative and Actual Nocturnal Cooling Rates over Grass and Snow
(American Meteorological Society, 1978)Measured divergence of net nocturnal longwave flux between 1 and 3 m over a snow-covered field under clear skies and weak regional winds show that the rate of radiative cooling is higher than similar cooling rates over a ... -
Calculated Snowpack Evaporation during Chinooks along the Eastern Slopes of the Rocky Mountains in Alberta
(American Meteorological Society, 1978)Evaporation from the snowpack during chinooks results in significant moisture loss along the eastern slopes of the Rocky Mountains in Alberta. From January through March 1976, calculated potential evaporation was as high ... -
A Computational Technique for Increasing the Effective Sampling Volume of the PMS Two-Dimensional Particle Size Spectrometer
(American Meteorological Society, 1978)Equations are developed to compute the size of particles partially contained within the sampling area of the PMS two-dimensional particle size spectrometer. This technique permits the effective sampling volume of the device ... -
A Theoretical Study of the St. Louis Heat Island: Some Parameter Variations
(American Meteorological Society, 1978)A sensitivity analysis was performed to determine the more important parameters affecting the urban heat island circulation in St. Louis. The effects of heat island intensity, surface roughness, horizontal diffusion and ... -
Observational Evidence of Systematic Radiosonde Temperature Sensing Anomalies
(American Meteorological Society, 1978)Observational evidence of systematic thermistor sensing anomalies during radiosonde ascents through cloud layers at subfreezing temperatures is presented. Calculations indicate that the amount of thermistor icing required ... -
Comments on “Use of Nonlinear Least Squares in Meteorological Applications”
(American Meteorological Society, 1978)tract -
Urban-Rural Solar Radiation and Atmospheric Turbidity Measurements in the Los Angeles Basin
(American Meteorological Society, 1978)As part of the Los Angeles Reactive Pollutant Project (September?November 1973) continuous measurements were made of incident ultraviolet and total solar irradiance at six sites (five urban and one nonurban) over the Basin. ... -
A New Technique for Treatment of Surface Boundary Conditions Arising from Particulate Plume Dispersion
(American Meteorological Society, 1978)The Gaussian plume dispersion model has gained wide acceptance for use as a predictor of average ambient air quality over a given airshed. An explicit assumption of this model is that the dispersing substance under ... -
High-Altitude Infrared Radar Wind Measurements
(American Meteorological Society, 1978)A vertical profile of horizontal wind has been measured to better than 0.5 m s?1 accuracy up to 8 km altitude by measuring the Doppler frequency shift of aerosols with the Firepond infrared radar.