Journal of Applied Meteorology: Recent submissions
Now showing items 3861-3880 of 6019
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ER-2 Doppler Radar Investigations of the Eyewall of Hurricane Bonnie during the Convection and Moisture Experiment-3
(American Meteorological Society, 2001)A persistent, mesoscale region of intense eyewall convection contained within Hurricane Bonnie on 23 August 1998 is examined from multiple observations synthesized from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration ... -
Ground-Based Infrared Remote Sensing of Cloud Properties over the Antarctic Plateau. Part II: Cloud Optical Depths and Particle Sizes
(American Meteorological Society, 2001)One full year of twice-daily longwave atmospheric emission spectra measured from the surface at 1-cm?1 resolution are used to infer optical thicknesses and ice crystal sizes in tropospheric clouds over the Antarctic Plateau. ... -
Ground-Based Infrared Remote Sensing of Cloud Properties over the Antarctic Plateau. Part I: Cloud-Base Heights
(American Meteorological Society, 2001)A Fourier-transform interferometer, operated throughout 1992 at South Pole Station, measured downward spectral longwave radiance from 550 to 1500 cm?1 (7?18 ?m) at a resolution of 1 cm?1. Radiance measurements were usually ... -
Irrigation-Induced Rainfall and the Great Plains
(American Meteorological Society, 2001)The post?World War II increase in irrigation in the Great Plains represents the largest human-induced hydrologic impact in North America. Drawn primarily from the High Plains aquifer, water applied as irrigation in the ... -
Simulation of Boundary Layer Structure over the Indian Summer Monsoon Trough during the Passage of a Depression
(American Meteorological Society, 2001)The planetary boundary layer (PBL) structure over the Indian summer monsoon trough region has been simulated using a regional numerical model during the passage of a monsoon depression along the monsoon trough. Monin?Obukhov ... -
Derivation of an Eddy Diffusivity Depending on Source Distance for Vertically Inhomogeneous Turbulence in a Convective Boundary Layer
(American Meteorological Society, 2001)Accounting for the current knowledge of the convective boundary layer structure and characteristics, a new formulation for the eddy diffusivities to be used in atmospheric dispersion models has been derived. That is, ... -
On the Ratio of Sulfur Dioxide to Nitrogen Oxides as an Indicator of Air Pollution Sources
(American Meteorological Society, 2001)The ratio of sulfur dioxide to nitrogen oxides (RSN = SO2/NOx) is one indicator of air pollution sources. The role of this ratio in source attribution is illustrated here for the Ashdod area, located in the southern coastal ... -
The Daily Behavior of Pressure and Its Influence on the Wind Regime in East Antarctica during the Winters of 1993 and 1994
(American Meteorological Society, 2001)The analysis of surface pressure data obtained in 1993?94 at the Dumont d'Urville meteorological station and at Automatic Weather Stations Dome C, D-47, and D-80 (East Antarctica) shows the existence of a daily variation. ... -
Estimating Errors in Trajectory Forecasts Using Ensemble Predictions
(American Meteorological Society, 2001)The usefulness of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts ensemble predictions to predict the reliability of trajectory forecasts is investigated. About 3000 ensembles of trajectories are computed with a ... -
The Concept of “Normalized” Distribution to Describe Raindrop Spectra: A Tool for Cloud Physics and Cloud Remote Sensing
(American Meteorological Society, 2001)The shape of the drop size distribution (DSD) reflects the physics of rain. The DSD is the result of the microphysical processes that transform the condensed water into rain. The question of the DSD is also central in radar ... -
A Melting-Layer Model for Passive/Active Microwave Remote Sensing Applications. Part II: Simulation of TRMM Observations
(American Meteorological Society, 2001)The one-dimensional, steady-state melting-layer model developed in Part I of this study is used to calculate both the microphysical and radiative properties of melting precipitation, based upon the computed concentrations ... -
Torrential Rains on the Spanish Mediterranean Coast: Modeling the Effects of the Sea Surface Temperature
(American Meteorological Society, 2001)Torrential rains are a frequent meteorological risk in the Mediterranean Basin, and the work reported here is part of a long-term study that includes the analysis of the synoptic conditions involved in their genesis. This ... -
Estimating Spore Release Rates Using a Lagrangian Stochastic Simulation Model
(American Meteorological Society, 2001)Practical problems in predicting the spread of plant diseases within and between fields require knowledge of the rate of release Q of pathogenic spores into the air. Many plant pathogenic fungus spores are released into ... -
A Melting-Layer Model for Passive/Active Microwave Remote Sensing Applications. Part I: Model Formulation and Comparison with Observations
(American Meteorological Society, 2001)In this study, a 1D steady-state microphysical model that describes the vertical distribution of melting precipitation particles is developed. The model is driven by the ice-phase precipitation distributions just above the ... -
A Comparison among Strategies for Interpolating Maximum and Minimum Daily Air Temperatures. Part II: The Interaction between Number of Guiding Variables and the Type of Interpolation Method
(American Meteorological Society, 2001)In a comparative experiment, the sequence of daily maximum and minimum temperatures for 1976 was interpolated over England and Wales to a resolution of 1 km using partial thin plate splines, ordinary kriging, trend surface, ... -
Determination of Semivariogram Models to Krige Hourly and Daily Solar Irradiance in Western Nebraska
(American Meteorological Society, 2001)In this paper, linear and spherical semivariogram models were determined for use in kriging hourly and daily solar irradiation for every season of the year. The data used to generate the models were from 18 weather stations ... -
Evaluations of Mesoscale Models' Simulations of Near-Surface Winds, Temperature Gradients, and Mixing Depths
(American Meteorological Society, 2001)Mesoscale meteorological models are being used to provide inputs of winds, vertical temperature and stability structure, mixing depths, and other parameters to atmospheric transport and dispersion models. An evaluation ... -
Validation of Integrated Water Vapor from Numerical Models Using Ground-Based GPS, SSM/I, and Water Vapor Radiometer Measurements
(American Meteorological Society, 2001)Time series of vertically integrated water vapor (IWV) derived for 25 ground-based global positioning system (GPS) sites in Sweden and Finland are used for validating the IWV from weather forecast models for a 3-month ... -
Rainfall Measurement on Ship Revisited: The 1997 PACS TEPPS Cruise
(American Meteorological Society, 2001)Fifteen rain measurement instruments were deployed on the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Ship Ronald H. Brown during the 1997 Pan American Climate Studies (PACS) Tropical Eastern Pacific Process Study ... -
Lightning and SSM/I-Ice-Scattering Mesoscale Convective Systems in the Global Tropics
(American Meteorological Society, 2001)This study presents a systematic comparison of the distributions of mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) and lightning for 19 geographical regions classified as land, ocean, or a mixture of land and ocean between 35°N and ...