Journal of Applied Meteorology: Recent submissions
Now showing items 3781-3800 of 6019
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Physical Basis, Premises, and Self-Consistency Checks of Aerosol Retrievals from TRMM VIRS
(American Meteorological Society, 2000)This paper outlines the processing stream for aerosol retrievals over oceans from the visible and infrared scanner [VIRS; a five-channel radiometer similar to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration?s Advanced ... -
Postlaunch Radiometric Validation of the Clouds and the Earth’s Radiant Energy System (CERES) Proto-Flight Model on the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Spacecraft through 1999
(American Meteorological Society, 2000)Each Clouds and the Earth?s Radiant Energy System (CERES) instrument contains three scanning thermistor bolometer radiometric channels. These channels measure broadband radiances in the shortwave (0.3?5.0 ?m), total (0.3?>100 ... -
Estimation of Shortwave Direct Radiative Forcing of Biomass-Burning Aerosols Using New Angular Models
(American Meteorological Society, 2000)Using a new angular distribution model (ADM) for smoke aerosols, the instantaneous top-of-atmosphere (TOA) shortwave aerosol radiative forcing (SWARF) is calculated for selected days over biomass-burning regions in South ... -
Global Lightning Variations Caused by Changes in Thunderstorm Flash Rate and by Changes in the Number of Thunderstorms
(American Meteorological Society, 2000)Global lightning activity is highly variable on many timescales. This variability is attributable to changes in the flash rate per thunderstorm, the number of thunderstorms, or a combination. The Tropical Rainfall Measuring ... -
Systematic Variation of Observed Radar Reflectivity–Rainfall Rate Relations in the Tropics
(American Meteorological Society, 2000)The Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission Global Validation Program provides a unique opportunity to compare radar datasets from different sites, because they are analyzed in a relatively uniform procedure. Monthly observed ... -
Importance of Low-Frequency Contributions to Eddy Fluxes Observed over Rough Surfaces
(American Meteorological Society, 2001)Eddy covariance flux observations at a deciduous temperate forest site (83 days) and at a boreal forest site (21 days) are analyzed for midday periods (1100?1400 LT). Approximate stationarity of the time series is demonstrated, ... -
A Method for Sky-Condition Classification from Ground-Based Solar Radiation Measurements
(American Meteorological Society, 2001)Identification of clouds from satellite images is now a routine task. Observation of clouds from the ground, however, is still needed to acquire a complete description of cloud conditions. Among the standard meteorological ... -
Surface Measurements of Precipitation from an Ocean Mooring: The Underwater Acoustic Log from the South China Sea
(American Meteorological Society, 2000)Surface measurements of precipitation in oceanic environments have proven especially difficult to obtain because traditional technologies such as tipping-bucket rain gauges are unsuitable for deployment from oceanic platforms ... -
An Improved Scheme for Convective/Stratiform Echo Classification Using Radar Reflectivity
(American Meteorological Society, 2000)An improved algorithm for the partitioning of radar reflectivity into convective and stratiform rain classifications has been developed and tested using data from the Houston, Texas, Weather Surveillance Radar-1988 Doppler. ... -
The Variability of Tropical Precipitation Profiles and Its Impact on Microwave Brightness Temperatures as Inferred from TRMM Data
(American Meteorological Society, 2001)Precipitation radar and microwave radiometer data collected by the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite are used to study the variability of precipitation profiles and the relationship between precipitation ... -
Interpolation of 1961–97 Daily Temperature and Precipitation Data onto Alberta Polygons of Ecodistrict and Soil Landscapes of Canada
(American Meteorological Society, 2001)Soil quality models developed for ecodistrict polygons (EDP) and the polygons of the soil landscapes of Canada (SLC) to monitor the concentration of soil organic matter require daily climate data as an important input. The ... -
Shortwave Flux from Satellite-Measured Radiance: A Theoretical Study over Marine Boundary Layer Clouds
(American Meteorological Society, 2001)Earth radiation budget measurements, important to climate monitoring and to validating climate models, require that radiances measured by satellite instruments be converted to hemispherical flux. This paper examines that ... -
An Observationally Based Conceptual Model of Warm Oceanic Convective Rain in the Tropics
(American Meteorological Society, 2000)Distinctively different Z?R relations for initial convective and transition rain at the surface were found during the Tropical Ocean and Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean?Atmosphere Response Experiment. Initial convective ... -
Comparison of Radar Data from the TRMM Satellite and Kwajalein Oceanic Validation Site
(American Meteorological Society, 2000)Data from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) precipitation radar (PR) and Kwajalein S-band validation radar (KR) agree well for reflectivity exceeding the sensitivity of the PR threshold (?17 dBZ). For echoes ... -
Physical and Microwave Radiative Properties of Precipitating Clouds. Part I: Principal Component Analysis of Observed Multichannel Microwave Radiances in Tropical Stratiform Rainfall
(American Meteorological Society, 2001)Using stringent criteria pertaining to rain-cloud optical thickness and horizontal extent, 3203 multichannel microwave observations of heavy, widespread tropical precipitation over ocean were selected from 9 months of ... -
Physical and Microwave Radiative Properties of Precipitating Clouds. Part II: A Parametric 1D Rain-Cloud Model for Use in Microwave Radiative Transfer Simulations
(American Meteorological Society, 2001)A highly simplified, yet meteorologically realistic and flexible, parametric model is described for generating hydrometeor profiles and other environmental properties relevant to microwave radiative transfer calculations ... -
Combined Use of the Radar and Radiometer of TRMM to Estimate the Influence of Drop Size Distribution on Rain Retrievals
(American Meteorological Society, 2000)A combination of passive microwave and radar observations from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite is used to investigate the consistency between the two sensors. Rather than relying on some absolute ... -
Rainfall Estimation from a Combination of TRMM Precipitation Radar and GOES Multispectral Satellite Imagery through the Use of an Artificial Neural Network
(American Meteorological Society, 2000)This paper describes the development of a satellite precipitation algorithm designed to generate rainfall estimates at high spatial and temporal resolutions using a combination of Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) ... -
Quantitative Cross Validation of Space-Based and Ground-Based Radar Observations
(American Meteorological Society, 2000)Simultaneous comparison of data collected from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) precipitation radar (PR), and the S-band polarimetric radar, operated by the National Center for Atmospheric Research, is made ... -
TRMM Precipitation Radar Reflectivity Profiles as Compared with High-Resolution Airborne and Ground-Based Radar Measurements
(American Meteorological Society, 2000)Orbital Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) precipitation radar (PR) products are evaluated by simultaneous comparisons with high-resolution data from the high-altitude ER-2 Doppler radar (EDOP) and ground-based ...