Journal of Applied Meteorology: Recent submissions
Now showing items 3661-3680 of 6019
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On the Synoptic-Scale Lagrangian Autocorrelation Function
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)A large set of 10-day, quasi-two-dimensional atmospheric trajectory model data is used to compute Lagrangian autocorrelation functions for horizontal velocity components and to determine their integral timescale TL. The ... -
Angular Distribution Models for Top-of-Atmosphere Radiative Flux Estimation from the Clouds and the Earth’s Radiant Energy System Instrument on the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission Satellite. Part I: Methodology
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) investigates the critical role that clouds and aerosols play in modulating the radiative energy flow within the Earth?atmosphere system. CERES builds upon the foundation ... -
Evaluation of Latent Heat Flux Fields from Satellites and Models during SEMAPHORE
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)Latent heat fluxes were derived from satellite observations in the region of Structure des Echanges Mer?Atmosphère, Propriétés des Hétérogénéités Océaniques: Recherche Expérimentale (SEMAPHORE), which was conducted near ... -
High-Spatial-Resolution Surface and Cloud-Type Classification from MODIS Multispectral Band Measurements
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)A method for automated classification of surface and cloud types using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) radiance measurements has been developed. The MODIS cloud mask is used to define the training ... -
An Automated Method of MFRSR Calibration for Aerosol Optical Depth Analysis with Application to an Asian Dust Outbreak over the United States
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)Over the past decade, networks of Multifilter Rotating Shadowband Radiometers (MFRSR) and automated sun photometers have been established in the United States to monitor aerosol properties. The MFRSR alternately measures ... -
Pressure-Driven Channeling Effects in Bent Valleys
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)Previous investigations of dynamic channeling of airflow in mountain valleys have been limited to straight valleys, where a constant along-valley component of the synoptic pressure gradient can be assumed. In nature, ... -
Toward a Combined Seasonal Weather and Crop Productivity Forecasting System: Determination of the Working Spatial Scale
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)A methodology is presented for the development of a combined seasonal weather and crop productivity forecasting system. The first stage of the methodology is the determination of the spatial scale(s) on which the system ... -
Vertical Development of Lightning Activity Observed by the LDAR System: Lightning Bubbles
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)In some Florida thunderstorm cells, impulsive very high frequency (VHF) radiation from lightning channels begins abruptly in a layer that is typically 3?6 km in diameter, 1?3 km tall, and initially located just above the ... -
Validation of NWP Mesoscale Models with Swiss GPS Network AGNES
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)The importance of water vapor for the hydrological cycle of the earth and the atmosphere is well known but difficult to study and sample. In this respect, the vertically integrated water vapor (IWV) derived from global ... -
Mapping Frost Occurrence Using Satellite Data
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)Detailed maps of the date of the first and last frost, the length of the frost-free period, and the number of days of frost during spring have been produced for the Otago region of New Zealand. These frost occurrence ... -
Can Satellite Sampling of Offshore Wind Speeds Realistically Represent Wind Speed Distributions?
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)Wind speeds over the oceans are required for a range of applications but are difficult to obtain through in situ methods. Hence, remote sensing tools, which also offer the possibility of describing spatial variability, ... -
Impact of Cloud Analysis on Numerical Weather Prediction in the Galician Region of Spain
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)The Advanced Regional Prediction System (ARPS) is applied to operational numerical weather prediction in Galicia, northwest Spain. The model is run daily for 72-h forecasts at a 10-km horizontal spacing. Located on the ... -
Boreal Forest Surface Parameterization in the ECMWF Model—1D Test with NOPEX Long-Term Data
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)The objective of the present study was to assess the performance and recent improvements of the land surface scheme used operationally in the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) in a Scandinavian ... -
Spatial Variability of Surface Radiation Fluxes in Mountainous Terrain
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)This paper investigates the magnitude and causes of spatial variability of surface radiative fluxes in a complex alpine landscape in the Southern Alps of New Zealand. Radiative flux components are simulated for the Tekapo ... -
Quality of Total Ozone Measured by the Focused Sun Method Using a Brewer Spectrophotometer
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)Strong ozone depletions and large natural variations in total ozone have been observed at high latitudes. Accurate measurements of total ozone are important so as not to misinterpret the involved processes and to track ... -
Snow Nowcasting Using a Real-Time Correlation of Radar Reflectivity with Snow Gauge Accumulation
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)This paper describes and evaluates an algorithm for nowcasting snow water equivalent (SWE) at a point on the surface based on a real-time correlation of equivalent radar reflectivity (Ze) with snow gauge rate (S). It is ... -
Patterns of Local Circulation in the Itaipu Lake Area: Numerical Simulations of Lake Breeze
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)The lake-breeze circulation in the Itaipu region was investigated numerically using a nonhydrostatic version of the Topographic Vorticity Model. The area of study corresponds to a 100 km ? 180 km rectangle, located on the ... -
Observation and Interpretation of Microwave Cloud Signatures over the Arctic Ocean during Winter
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)An analysis of satellite microwave brightness temperatures at 85 GHz (37 GHz) shows that these temperatures sometimes vary by more than 30 K (15 K) within 1 or 2 days at a single location over Arctic sea ice. This variation ... -
Fine Structure of Cloud Droplet Concentration as Seen from the Fast-FSSP Measurements. Part II: Results of In Situ Observations
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)A new feature of cloud structure has been discovered while analyzing the measurements obtained in situ in 57 clouds by the Fast Forward-Scattering Spectrometer Probe (FSSP). By means of a novel technique of statistical ... -
Numerical Study of Urban Impact on Boundary Layer Structure: Sensitivity to Wind Speed, Urban Morphology, and Rural Soil Moisture
(American Meteorological Society, 2002)A mesoscale model with a detailed urban surface exchange parameterization is used to study urban influences on boundary layer structure. The parameterization takes into account thermal and mechanical factors, and it is ...