Journal of Applied Meteorology: Recent submissions
Now showing items 2941-2960 of 6019
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Resolution of the Nimbus High Resolution Infrared Radiometer
(American Meteorological Society, 1965)For the purpose of evaluating the resolution of the High Resolution Infrared Radiometer (HRIR) flown on board the Nimbus I meteorological satellite, three cloud-free regions in the western United States?the Grand Canyon, ... -
A climatological Study of the Atmospheric Circulation in the Southern Hemisphere during the IGY, Part I: 1 July 1957–31 March 1958
(American Meteorological Society, 1965)Time sections of monthly average zonal geostrophic wind at sea level and 500 mb in the Southern Hemisphere confirm that the strongest zonal westerlies usually are found in summer, but since the westerlies expand over a ... -
On Some Uses of Non-normal Coefficients of Variation
(American Meteorological Society, 1965)Coefficients of variation larger than 1 are frequently encountered in arid-land climatology where rainfall distributions are non-normal. The coefficient need not be considered in the context of Gaussian statistics. In spite ... -
Calculations of Cumulus Vertical Draft Velocities in Hurricanes from Aircraft Observations
(American Meteorological Society, 1965)In cumulus convective atmospheres the most significant length scale of vertical motion is of cumulus draft size?of horizontal lengths two to four orders of magnitude less than the synoptic scale and of magnitude one to ... -
Maximum Hurricane Surface-Wind Computation with Typhoon-Environment Data Measured by Aircraft
(American Meteorological Society, 1965)Tests were made during the 1963 typhoon season of a technique for computing maximum typhoon surface winds. The purpose was to estimate the capability of the Air Weather Service WB-47 to accomplish such diagnoses from ... -
Production of Ice Crystals in Air by a Pressure-Pack Method
(American Meteorological Society, 1965)When a highly volatile liquid is sprayed into moist air the evaporation of the liquid droplets may cool the air sufficiently for the condensed water droplets to freeze by homogeneous nucleation. This paper describes the ... -
The Effect of Suspended Ice Crystals on Radiative Cooling
(American Meteorological Society, 1965)Two periods of very low (below ?40C) surface temperature of Fairbanks, Alaska, were studied in detail as part of ice fog investigations during the 1961?1962 winter. The observed cooling rates from teh snow surface up to ... -
Can Satellite Sampling of Offshore Wind Speeds Realistically Represent Wind Speed Distributions? Part II: Quantifying Uncertainties Associated with Distribution Fitting Methods
(American Meteorological Society, 2004)Remote sensing tools represent an attractive proposition for measuring wind speeds over the oceans because, in principle, they also offer a mechanism for determining the spatial variability of flow. Presented here is the ... -
Microphysical Characteristics of Tropical Updrafts in Clean Conditions
(American Meteorological Society, 2004)The distributions of ice particles, precipitation embryos, and supercooled water are examined within updrafts in convective clouds in the Amazon and at Kwajalein, Marshall Islands, based on in situ measurements during two ... -
A Probabilistic Model to Evaluate the Optimal Density of Stations Measuring Snowfall
(American Meteorological Society, 2004)Daily new snow measurements are very important for avalanche forecasting and tourism. A dense network of manual or automatic stations measuring snowfall is necessary to have spatially reliable data. Snow stations in ... -
Assessment of the Aviation Weather Center Global Forecasts of Mesoscale Convective Systems*
(American Meteorological Society, 2004)This paper examines the precision of location and top height of mesoscale convective systems, as forecast by the Aviation Weather Center (AWC). The examination was motivated by the Mediterranean Israeli Dust Experiment ... -
Uncertainties of Derived Dewpoint Temperature and Relative Humidity
(American Meteorological Society, 2004)This paper presents an evaluation of derived dewpoint temperature and derived relative humidity, in which the dewpoint temperature is calculated using measured ambient air temperature and measured relative humidity variables ... -
Daytime Cloud Overlap Detection from AVHRR and VIIRS
(American Meteorological Society, 2004)Two algorithms for detecting multilayered cloud systems with satellite data are presented. The first algorithm utilizes data in the 0.65-, 11-, and 12-?m regions of the spectrum that are available on the Advanced Very High ... -
The Australian Air Quality Forecasting System. Part III: Case Study of a Melbourne 4-Day Photochemical Smog Event
(American Meteorological Society, 2004)A 4-day photochemical smog event in the Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, region (6?9 March 2001) is examined to assess the performance of the Australian Air Quality Forecasting System (AAQFS). Although peak ozone concentrations ... -
The Australian Air Quality Forecasting System. Part I: Project Description and Early Outcomes
(American Meteorological Society, 2004)The Australian Air Quality Forecasting System (AAQFS) is the culmination of a 3-yr project to develop a numerical primitive equation system for generating high-resolution (1?5 km) short-term (24?36 h) forecasts for the ... -
The Australian Air Quality Forecasting System. Part II: Case Study of a Sydney 7-Day Photochemical Smog Event
(American Meteorological Society, 2004)The performance of the Australian Air Quality Forecasting System (AAQFS) is examined by means of a case study of a 7-day photochemical smog event in the Sydney region. This was the worst smog event for the 2000/ 01 oxidant ... -
The Angular Distribution of UV-B Sky Radiance under Cloudy Conditions: A Comparison of Measurements and Radiative Transfer Calculations Using a Fractal Cloud Model
(American Meteorological Society, 2004)In recent years, global warming concerns have focused attention on cloud radiative forcing and its accurate encapsulation in radiative transfer measurement and modeling programs. At present, this process is constrained by ... -
Minimum Local Emissivity Variance Retrieval of Cloud Altitude and Effective Spectral Emissivity—Simulation and Initial Verification
(American Meteorological Society, 2004)This paper describes the theory and application of the minimum local emissivity variance (MLEV) technique for simultaneous retrieval of cloud pressure level and effective spectral emissivity from high-spectral-resolution ... -
Ice Nucleus Measurements in Hawaii
(American Meteorological Society, 1965)A 10-day experiment is described in which simultaneous measurements of ice nucleus concentrations have been made in upslope and downslope wind regimes on the island of Hawaii, near sea level at Hilo airport, at Mauna Loa ... -
The Impact of Doppler Lidar Wind Observations on a Single-Level Meteorological Analysis
(American Meteorological Society, 2004)Through the use of observation operators, modern data assimilation systems have the capability to ingest observations of quantities that are not themselves model variables but are mathematically related to those variables. ...