Journal of Applied Meteorology: Recent submissions

Now showing items 1261-1280 of 6019

    • Application of Error Analysis to Surface Temperature Determination by Radiation Budget Techniques 

      DeWalle, David R.; Parmele, Leslie H. (American Meteorological Society, 1974)
      Error analysis based on the definition of the total differential is used to evaluate uncertainties in indirect determination of surface temperature from radiation budget data. The analysis indicates that the uncertainty ...

    • The Distribution of Tropospheric Planetary Radiation in the Southern Hemisphere 

      Haurwitz, Frank; Kuhn, William R. (American Meteorological Society, 1974)
      The planetary radiation for the Southern Hemisphere troposphere has been calculated from climatological data for January and July. Zonally averaged profiles of cooling/heating rates are presented. In addition, calculations ...

    • Corrigendum 

      Unknown author (American Meteorological Society, 1974)
      Correction to Volume 12, Issue 1, page 184.

    • Optimum Averaging Times for Short-Term Wind Prediction in the Planetary Boundary Layer 

      Gaynor, J. E. (American Meteorological Society, 1974)
      Root-mean-square error statistics were applied to tower wind data to find the optimum average times of the wind and azimuth to be used as predictors of a 2-min mean wind speed and direction, 0?10 min in the future. The ...

    • Correlation Between Cloud Thickness and Brightness Using Nimbus 4 THIR Data (11.5-μm Channel) and ATS 3 Digital Data 

      Park, Soon-Ung; Sikdar, D. N.; Suomi, V. E. (American Meteorological Society, 1974)
      Nimbus 4 data (11.5-?m) channel and ATS 3 digitized data were analyzed for three days during April and May, 1970. Cloud-top temperature, as measured by the 11.5-?m channel of the satellite radiometer, shows a close negative ...

    • Solar Radiation: Effects of Atmospheric Water Vapor and Volcanic Aerosols 

      Pueschel, Rudolf F.; Garcia, Charles J.; Hansen, Richard T. (American Meteorological Society, 1974)
      Atmospheric water vapor attenuates normal incidence solar radiation received on Mauna Loa, Hawaii, by up to 10%. During periods of active fountaining, aerosols from Kilauea Volcano at times obscure global trends in atmospheric ...

    • Analysis of Doppler Radar Spectra of Hail 

      Ulbrich, C. W. (American Meteorological Society, 1974)
      Methods of analysis are described which determine the two parameters in an assumed exponential hailstone size distribution from the Doppler radar spectrum. When applied to the data of Battan and Theiss it is found that ...

    • Possibility of a Type I Statistical Error in Analysis of a Randomized Cloud Seeding Project in South Dakota 

      Gelhaus, J. W.; Dennis, A. S.; Schock, M. R. (American Meteorological Society, 1974)
      Previous tests of rainfall data from a randomized cloud seeding project in northwestern South Dakota led to a tentative rejection of the null hypothesis that seeding had no effect and to a suspicion that seeding had caused ...

    • Potential for Snow Augmentation in Cold Orographic Clouds 

      Chappell, Charles F.; Johnson, Floyd L. (American Meteorological Society, 1974)
      A simple numerical model is formulated for a mixed-phase cold cloud which simulates the interaction among the updraft, crystal growth, droplet growth or evaporation, and ice crystal concentration. The model accounts for ...

    • Populations of Parameters Related to Dynamic Cumulus Seeding over Florida 

      Holle, Ronald L. (American Meteorological Society, 1974)
      Radar populations of seedable clouds observed between 4.57 km (15,000 ft) and 7.62 km (25,000 ft) each hour were gathered near Miami and Tampa during various months through the year. They show that numbers of tops in this ...

    • The Cloud Seeding Temperature Window 

      Grant, Lewis O.; Elliott, Robert E. (American Meteorological Society, 1974)
      The greatest potential for seeding with artificial ice nuclei to augment precipitation should occur with cloud summit temperatures in the range from about ?10C to about ?25C. This is the temperature region where there may ...

    • The Frequency of Freeze-Thaw Cycles 

      Hershfield, David M. (American Meteorological Society, 1974)
      Data from 1300 climatic summaries are used to construct a map for the conterminous United States showing the annual frequency of freeze-thaw cycles. Seasonal maps, as a percentage of the annual map, are based on a smaller ...

    • Tornado Path Sizes 

      Howe, George M. (American Meteorological Society, 1974)
      Dimensions of nearly 4400 tornado paths were fitted to the log-normal distribution to derive comparable estimates, by states and regions, of path size parameters. Expected values of ground-contact path area and width for ...

    • Southwestern United States Summer Monsoon Source—Gulf of Mexico or Pacific Ocean? 

      Hales, John E. (American Meteorological Society, 1974)
      Moist air from the tropics moves into northwest Mexico and the southwestern portion of the United States during the early part of the summer season. This is analogous to the monsoon circulation in other sections of the ...

    • The Analysis of Surface Pressure Perturbations Within the Mesoscale Range 

      Cunning, John B. (American Meteorological Society, 1974)
      By means of an extremely sensitive pressure transducer and a digital recording system, atmospheric pressure measurements were made for a two-week period in October 1971. A three-station array, roughly triangular in shape, ...

    • On the Correct Use of the Wet Adiabatic Lapse Rate in Stability Criteria of a Saturated Atmosphere 

      Lalas, D. P.; Einaudi, F. (American Meteorological Society, 1974)
      A rigorous stability analysis of a saturated atmosphere is carried out and is compared with the parcel method. It is shown that the stability parameter n??2 (the Brunt-Väisälä frequency) one obtains by the two methods is ...

    • Simulation of the Atmospheric Circulation Using the NCAR Global Circulation Model with Ice Age Boundary Conditions 

      Williams, Jill; Barry, R. G.; Washington, W. M. (American Meteorological Society, 1974)
      The NCAR global circulation model has been used to simulate global atmospheric conditions using boundary conditions representing those of the present day and those of the Würm/Wisconsin glacial maximum at about 20,000 years ...

    • The Precision and Accuracy of Volz Sunphotometry 

      Laulainen, Nels S.; Taylor, Benjamin J. (American Meteorological Society, 1974)
      In this paper, we report the results of a preliminary investigation to determine the precision and accuracy of Volz sunphotometry. We find that errors may be introduced into turbidities obtained from such photometry through ...

    • Recent Developments in Automated Prediction of Ceiling and Visibility 

      Bocchieri, Joseph R.; Crisci, Richard L.; Glahn, Harry R.; Lewis, Frank; Globokar, Frank T. (American Meteorological Society, 1974)
      The history of the National Weather Service's development efforts in terminal weather prediction for aviation is discussed and results from recent experiments involving three approaches are presented. In one approach, ...

    • An Application of the Satellite Indirect Sounding Technique in Describing the Hyperbaroclinic Zone of a Jet Streak 

      Togstad, William E.; Horn, Lyle H. (American Meteorological Society, 1974)
      Often important weather-producing features such as the jet streak are not adequately resolved at the input stage of numerical models. The satellite indirect sounding technique offers promise of greatly increasing observational ...