Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society: Recent submissions

Now showing items 3961-3980 of 5116

    • Climate Assessment for 1996 

      Halpert, Michael S.; Bell, Gerald D. (American Meteorological Society, 1997)
      The climate of 1996 can be characterized by several phenomena that reflect substantial deviations from the mean state of the atmosphere persisting from months to seasons. First, mature cold-episode conditions persisted ...

    • The Relationship between Great Lakes Water Levels, Wave Energies, and Shoreline Damage 

      Meadows, G. A.; Meadows, L. A.; Wood, W. L.; Hubertz, J. M.; Perlin, M. (American Meteorological Society, 1997)
      The latter half of the twentieth century can be characterized as a period of rising water levels on the Great Lakes, with record high levels in 1974 and 1986. Concurrent with these periods of high water level are reported ...

    • Radar Observations of a Major Industrial Fire 

      Rogers, R. R.; Brown, W. O. J. (American Meteorological Society, 1997)
      On 23 May 1996, a Montreal suburban paint factory containing several hundred thousand gallons of paints, solvents, and other chemicals burned to the ground in a spectacular fire. The smoke plume from the fire was readily ...

    • Incorporation of a Cloud Simulation into a Flight Mission Rehearsal System: Prototype Demonstration 

      Hembree, Louis; Brand, Sam; Mayse, William C.; Cianciolo, Maureen; Soderberg, Brian (American Meteorological Society, 1997)
      One environmental parameter that has a large impact on aircraft missions for the U.S. military is clouds. This article describes an initial attempt to incorporate physically consistent clouds into a flight mission rehearsal ...

    • Global Drought Watch from Space 

      Kogan, Felix N. (American Meteorological Society, 1997)
      Drought is the most damaging environmental phenomenon. During 1967?91, droughts affected 50% of the 2.8 billion people who suffered from weather-related disasters. Since droughts cover large areas, it is difficult to monitor ...

    • A Look Back on Two Decades of Doppler Sodar Comparison Studies 

      Crescenti, Gennaro H. (American Meteorological Society, 1997)
      This paper is a compilation of the results obtained from various Doppler sodar comparison experiments conducted over the last 20 years. These studies have attempted to quantify the uncertainties in sodar-derived values of ...

    • PYREX: A Summary of Findings 

      Bougeault, P.; Benech, B.; Bessemoulin, P.; Carissimo, B.; Clar, A. Jansa; Pelon, J.; Petitdidier, M.; Richard, E. (American Meteorological Society, 1997)
      About six years ago, the planned field experiment Pyrenean Experiment (PYREX) was presented in the Bulletin. After a successful field phase in October and November 1990, and much work to prepare a consistent database, ...

    • An Isolated Winter Cloud-to-Ground Lightning Flash Causing Damage and Injury in Connecticut 

      Holle, Ronald L.; López, Raúl E.; Howard, Kenneth W.; Cummins, Kenneth L.; Malone, Mark D.; Krider, E. Philip (American Meteorological Society, 1997)
      An isolated lightning flash at 1436:52 UTC 11 February 1996 struck and destroyed a house in Burlington, Connecticut, injuring an occupant of the house. A flash detected simultaneously by the National Lightning Detection ...

    • Japanese Whaling Ships' Sea Surface Temperatures 1946–84 

      Mierzejewska, Anna W.; Wu, Zhongxiang; Newell, Reginald E.; Miyashita, Tomio (American Meteorological Society, 1997)
      Japanese whaling ship data, a homogeneous dataset mainly covering the southern high-latitude oceans, may be used to fill in gaps in recent sea surface temperature datasets, contributing a fair number of additional observations ...

    • The Paradigm of Climatology: An Essay 

      Bryson, Reid A. (American Meteorological Society, 1997)
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    • Effects of Recent Weather Extremes on the Insurance Industry: Major Implications for the Atmospheric Sciences 

      Changnon, Stanley A.; Changnon, David; Fosse, E. Ray; Hoganson, Donald C.; Roth, Richard J.; Totsch, James M. (American Meteorological Society, 1997)
      Frequent and extremely damaging severe weather conditions in the United States during 1991?94 caused $40 billion in insured losses, creating major impacts and eliciting diverse responses in the weather insurance industry. ...

    • Mapping Surface Parameters for Mesoscale Modeling in Forested and Deforested Southwestern Amazonia 

      Calvet, Jean-Christophe; Santos-Alvalá, Regina; Jaubert, Geneviève; Delire, Christine; Nobre, Carlos; Wright, Ivan; Noilhan, Joël (American Meteorological Society, 1997)
      Surface parameter digital maps of vegetation, soil, and relief are obtained over Rondônia, Brazil, covering the 5° ? 5° region 8°?13°S, 65°?60°W. Numerical maps of the natural landscape structure have been achieved by ...

    • Measurements, Models, and Hypotheses in the Atmospheric Sciences 

      Randall, David A.; Wielicki, Bruce A. (American Meteorological Society, 1997)
      Measurements in atmospheric science sometimes determine universal functions, but more commonly data are collected in the form of case studies. Models are conceptual constructs that can be used to make predictions about the ...

    • Unidata: A Virtual Community Sharing Resources via Technological Infrastructure 

      Fulker, David; Bates, Sally; Jacobs, Clifford (American Meteorological Society, 1997)
      In initiating the Unidata Program, scientists hoped to meet common needs for accessing and using atmospheric data in education and research using state-of-the-art technology. As communications technologies have advanced, ...

    • Oceanic Regulation of the Atmospheric Walker Circulation 

      Liu, Zhengyu (American Meteorological Society, 1997)
      A coupled theory is proposed to account for the magnitude of the Walker circulation in the tropical Pacific. It is suggested that the Pacific Walker circulation is at a saturation state, at which the zonal sea surface ...

    • Biogenic and Anthropogenic Sources of Ice-Forming Nuclei: A Review 

      Szyrmer, Wanda; Zawadzki, Isztar (American Meteorological Society, 1997)
      To develop theories and numerical models of the formation and microstructure of clouds and precipitation, it is necessary to identify the potential sources of ice nuclei in the atmosphere. However, the subject remains an ...

    • Earth's Annual Global Mean Energy Budget 

      Kiehl, J. T.; Trenberth, Kevin E. (American Meteorological Society, 1997)
      The purpose of this paper is to put forward a new estimate, in the context of previous assessments, of the annual global mean energy budget. A description is provided of the source of each component to this budget. The ...

    • Upper-Tropospheric Winds Derived from Geostationary Satellite Water Vapor Observations 

      Velden, Christopher S.; Hayden, Christopher M.; Nieman, Steven J.; Menzel, W. Paul; Wanzong, Steven; Goerss, James S. (American Meteorological Society, 1997)
      The coverage and quality of remotely sensed upper-tropospheric moisture parameters have improved considerably with the deployment of a new generation of operational geostationary meteorological satellites: GOES-8/9 and ...

    • Atmospheric Sciences at the Illinois State Water Survey: Five Decades of Diverse Activities and Achievements 

      Changnon, Stanley A.; Huff, Floyd A. (American Meteorological Society, 1997)
      During a 50-yr history of diverse scientific endeavors, the Illinois State Water Survey's weather group has constantly shifted to meet new challenges as the nation's only sizable atmospheric research and services group ...

    • Asking the Right Questions: Atmospheric Sciences Research and Societal Needs 

      Pielke, Roger A. (American Meteorological Society, 1997)
      In recent years, those who conduct federally funded research in the United States have been asked by their patrons, the public and their elected representatives, to demonstrate more efficacy with respect to societal needs. ...