Earth Interactions: Recent submissions
Now showing items 181-200 of 424
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The Tension between Fire Risk and Carbon Storage: Evaluating U.S. Carbon and Fire Management Strategies through Ecosystem Models
(American Meteorological Society, 2007)Fire risk and carbon storage are related environmental issues because fire reduction results in carbon storage through the buildup of woody vegetation, and stored carbon is a fuel for fires. The sustainability of the U.S. ... -
Trends in Satellite-Observed Circumpolar Photosynthetic Activity from 1982 to 2003: The Influence of Seasonality, Cover Type, and Vegetation Density
(American Meteorological Society, 2006)Time series analyses of a 22-yr record of satellite observations across the northern circumpolar high latitudes were conducted, and trends in vegetation photosynthetic activity were assessed using a series of statistical ... -
Feedbacks of Vegetation on Summertime Climate Variability over the North American Grasslands. Part I: Statistical Analysis
(American Meteorological Society, 2006)Feedbacks of vegetation on summertime climate variability over the North American Grasslands are analyzed using the statistical technique of Granger causality. Results indicate that normalized difference vegetation index ... -
Feedbacks of Vegetation on Summertime Climate Variability over the North American Grasslands. Part II: A Coupled Stochastic Model
(American Meteorological Society, 2006)A coupled linear model is derived to describe interactions between anomalous precipitation and vegetation over the North American Grasslands. The model is based on biohydrological characteristics in the semiarid environment ... -
Uncertainty in Temperature and Precipitation Datasets over Terrestrial Regions of the Western Arctic
(American Meteorological Society, 2006)A better understanding of the interannual variability in temperature and precipitation datasets used as forcing fields for hydrologic models will lead to a more complete description of hydrologic model uncertainty, in turn ... -
Recent Climate-Driven Increases in Vegetation Productivity for the Western Arctic: Evidence of an Acceleration of the Northern Terrestrial Carbon Cycle
(American Meteorological Society, 2007)Northern ecosystems contain much of the global reservoir of terrestrial carbon that is potentially reactive in the context of near-term climate change. Annual variability and recent trends in vegetation productivity across ... -
Future Changes in Biogenic Isoprene Emissions: How Might They Affect Regional and Global Atmospheric Chemistry?
(American Meteorological Society, 2006)Isoprene is emitted from vegetation to the atmosphere in significant quantities, and it plays an important role in the reactions that control tropospheric oxidant concentrations. As future climatic and land-cover changes ... -
Root-Water-Uptake Based upon a New Water Stress Reduction and an Asymptotic Root Distribution Function
(American Meteorological Society, 2006)A water stress?compensating root-water-uptake module was developed based upon a newly proposed water stress reduction function and an asymptotic root distribution function. The water stress reduction function takes into ... -
CO2 Sensitivity of Extreme Climate Events in the Western United States
(American Meteorological Society, 2006)Based upon trends in observed climate, extreme events are thought to be increasing in frequency and/or magnitude. This change in extreme events is attributed to enhancement of the hydrologic cycle caused by increased ... -
Effects of Uncertainty in Climate Inputs on Simulated Evapotranspiration and Runoff in the Western Arctic
(American Meteorological Society, 2006)Hydrological models require accurate precipitation and air temperature inputs in order to adequately depict water fluxes and storages across Arctic regions. Biases such as gauge undercatch, as well as uncertainties in ... -
The Impact of Land Cover Change on Surface Energy and Water Balance in Mato Grosso, Brazil
(American Meteorological Society, 2006)The sensitivity of surface energy and water fluxes to recent land cover changes is simulated for a small region in northern Mato Grosso, Brazil. The Simple Biosphere Model (SiB2) is used, driven by biophysical parameters ... -
Spring Thaw and Its Effect on Terrestrial Vegetation Productivity in the Western Arctic Observed from Satellite Microwave and Optical Remote Sensing
(American Meteorological Society, 2006)Global satellite remote sensing records show evidence of recent vegetation greening and an advancing growing season at high latitudes. Satellite remote sensing?derived measures of photosynthetic leaf area index (LAI) and ... -
LBA–ESECAFLOR Artificially Induced Drought in Caxiuanã Reserve, Eastern Amazonia: Soil Properties and Litter Spider Fauna
(American Meteorological Society, 2007)A review is presented of soil properties and litter fauna of an experimental site in the Caxiuan? forest, eastern Amazonia, as a contribution to the Large-Scale Biosphere?Atmosphere Experiment in Amazonia (LBA). This study?s ... -
Simulating Competition and Coexistence between Plant Functional Types in a Dynamic Vegetation Model
(American Meteorological Society, 2006)The global distribution of vegetation is broadly determined by climate, and where bioclimatic parameters are favorable for several plant functional types (PFTs), by the competition between them. Most current dynamic global ... -
Diet, Energy, and Global Warming
(American Meteorological Society, 2006)The energy consumption of animal- and plant-based diets and, more broadly, the range of energetic planetary footprints spanned by reasonable dietary choices are compared. It is demonstrated that the greenhouse gas emissions ... -
Characterization and Mapping of Fuel Types for the Mediterranean Ecosystems of Pollino National Park in Southern Italy by Using Hyperspectral MIVIS Data
(American Meteorological Society, 2006)The characterization and mapping of fuel types is one of the most important factors that should be taken into consideration for wildland fire prevention and prefire planning. This research aims to investigate the usefulness ... -
Precipitation Shifts over Western North America as a Result of Declining Arctic Sea Ice Cover: The Coupled System Response
(American Meteorological Society, 2005)Changes in Arctic sea ice cover have the potential to impact midlatitude climate. A previous sensitivity study utilizing the National Center for Atmospheric Research?s (NCAR) atmospheric general circulation model [AGCM; ... -
A Comparison of Local and Regional Trends in Surface and Lower-Tropospheric Temperatures in Western North Carolina
(American Meteorological Society, 2005)Temperature time series for stations in western North Carolina are used to evaluate the potential for an urban signal in the local temperature trend, and to compare a homogeneous temperature record from a mountain-top ... -
Satellite Monitoring of Vegetation Phenology and Fire Fuel Conditions in Hawaiian Drylands
(American Meteorological Society, 2005)Grass-fueled fires accelerate grassland expansion into dry Hawaiian woodlands by destroying native forests and by producing a disturbance regime that favors grass-dominated plant communities. Knowledge of grassland phenology ... -
Modeling Global and Regional Net Primary Production under Elevated Atmospheric CO2: On a Potential Source of Uncertainty
(American Meteorological Society, 2006)Terrestrial ecosystem models are built, among several reasons, to explore how the Earth?s biosphere responds to climate change and to the projected continual increase of atmospheric CO2 concentration. Many of these models ...