Journal of Climate and Applied Meteorology: Recent submissions
Now showing items 681-700 of 865
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The Accuracy of Rainfall Rate Measurement by Tunable Millimeter-Wavelength Radar
(American Meteorological Society, 1983)A theoretical and empirical assessment is made of a technique proposed recently for measuring rainfall rate by radar. The technique involves tuning a variable wavelength radar across the millimeter wavelength band to the ... -
Humidity and Turbidity Parameters in Sahel: A Case Study for Niamey (Niger)
(American Meteorological Society, 1983)Relationships between the daily values of total precipitable water in the atmosphere and the surface humidity parameters are presented from sunphotometric investigations made daily during the year 1981 and 1982. Turbidity ... -
The Utilization of Nimbus-7 SMMR Measurements to Delineate Rainfall over Land
(American Meteorological Society, 1983)In light of previous theoretical calculations, an empirical-statistical analysis using satellite multifrequency dual polarized passive microwave data to detect rainfall areas over land was performed. The addition of ... -
The Autocorrelation Function and Doppler Spectral Moments: Geometric and Asymptotic Interpretations
(American Meteorological Society, 1983)The relationships between the Doppler spectrum of velocities and the autocorrelation function can be studied via simple geometric and power series expansion relations. The asymptotic expansion of the autocorrelation function ... -
Natural Variations in the Analytical Form of the Raindrop Size Distribution
(American Meteorological Society, 1983)Empirical analyses are shown to imply variation in the shape or analytical form of the raindrop size distribution consistent with that observed experimentally and predicted theoretically. These natural variations in ... -
Accurate Determination of Vertical Air Velocities in Rain by Doppler-Radar
(American Meteorological Society, 1983)Vertical air velocity in rain is calculated from the minima in the reflectivity profile of the Doppler velocity spectra between succeeding range cells. The reflectivity minimum is converted to air velocity, assuming a ... -
Albedo Following Fire in a Northern Hardwood Forest
(American Meteorological Society, 1983)Changes in albedo were tracked following fire on 18 August 1980 in a successional hardwood forest in northern lower Michigan (43°33?N, 84°42?W). Shortwave albedo (300?3000 nm) changed little with zenith angle up to 55°, ... -
Estimating Winter Design Temperatures from Daily Minimum Temperatures
(American Meteorological Society, 1983)A methodology has been developed to estimate winter design temperatures (temperatures exceeded a specific number of hours during the December through February winter season-an important design parameter in building ... -
Light Extinction by Aerosols during Summer Air Pollution
(American Meteorological Society, 1983)In order to utilize satellite measurements of optical thickness over land for estimating aerosol properties during air pollution episodes the optical thickness was measured from the surface and investigated. Aerosol optical ... -
Study of the Relationship between Ångström's Wavelength Exponent and Junge Particle Size Distribution Exponent
(American Meteorological Society, 1983)The volume extinction coefficient produced by aerosol particles at wavelength ? is generally proportional to ??α as found by Ånström. On the other hand, particle size spectra frequently give a particle number density ... -
Spatial and Temporal Variations in Long-Term Normal Percent Possible Solar Radiation Levels in the United States
(American Meteorological Society, 1983)The purpose of this study was to analyze the time and space variations in long-term monthly-averaged daily percent possible solar radiation levels in the United States. Both principal components analysis and harmonic ... -
Inference of the Aerosol Ångström Coefficient from SAGE Short-Wavelength Data
(American Meteorological Society, 1983)SAGE four-channel transmission profiles are inverted to retrieve the extinction profiles from which the aerosol Ångström coefficient α is obtained. The procedure allows one to check the influence of the NO2 absorption ... -
Precipitation over Northern Italy: A Description by Means of Principal component Analysis
(American Meteorological Society, 1983)Principal component analysis is used to study the rainfall distribution over northern Italy in the cold season (October-April). A spatial analysis is applied to the squares roots of daily data, recorded in 14 months, and ... -
Climate and Climate Impact Scenarios for Europe in a Warmer World
(American Meteorological Society, 1983)Scenarios for Europe in a warmer world, such as may result from increased atmospheric carbon dioxide levels, have been constructed using the early 20th century warming as an analogue. Mean temperature, Precipitation and ... -
Potomac River Streamflow Since 1730 as Reconstructed by Tree Rings
(American Meteorological Society, 1983)A 248-year reconstruction of the low-flow (July, August and September) period of the Potomac River indicates that the prolonged drought of the 1960s may have been the most severe since 1730. However, there appear to have ... -
An Intercomparison of Aircraft Turbulence Measurements Made During JASIN
(American Meteorological Society, 1983)During the Joint Air-Sea Interaction (JASIN) experiment over the North Atlantic, three aircraft equipped to measure turbulent fluctuations of wind, temperature and humidity flew together in close formation, in order to ... -
The Extension of P.D. Thompson' Scheme to Multiple Times
(American Meteorological Society, 1983)P.D. Thompson devised a scheme to correct imperfect analyses of a conservative quantity at two observation times. His scheme has been extended to include a sequence of observation times. When the times are equally spaced, ... -
Performance of the Entropy Minimax Hydrological Forecasts for California, Water Years 1948–1977
(American Meteorological Society, 1983)An entropy minimax analysis to forecast the annual hydrologic status of central California has been re-performed using 96 water years for model training and reserving the 30 consecutive water years 1948?77 for model ... -
Water Vapor Fields Deduced from METEOSAT-1 Water Vapor Channel Data
(American Meteorological Society, 1983)A quasi-operational process for the determination of water vapor fields from METEPSAT-1 water vapor channel data is described. Each count of the WV picture is replaced by the corresponding mean relative humidity value using ... -
Global Variation in Total Ozone and Layer-Mean Ozone: An Update Through 1981
(American Meteorological Society, 1983)Total-ozone variations have been updated through 1981 for four regions in north temperate latitudes, the five climatic zones, both hemispheres, and the world. Also updated through 1981 are ozone values in height layers ...