Journal of Climate and Applied Meteorology: Recent submissions
Now showing items 621-640 of 865
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Lidar Observations of Mixed Layer Dynamics: Tests of Parameterized Entrainment Models of Mixed Layer Growth Rate
(American Meteorological Society, 1984)Ground based lidar measurements of the atmospheric mixed layer depth, the entrainment zone depth and the wind speed and wind direction were used to test various parameterized entrainment models of mixed layer growth rate. ... -
Application of Atmospheric Transport Models for Complex Terrain
(American Meteorological Society, 1984)Numerical modeling techniques are applied to several diverse situations to study mesoscale transport of effluents in the earth's atmosphere. Simulations of a tracer release in complex terrain are compared with experiments ... -
The Influence of Atmospheric Stability on Potential Evaporation
(American Meteorological Society, 1984)The Penman relationship for potential evaporation is modified to simply include the influence of atmospheric stability on turbulent transport of water vapor. Explicit expressions for the stability-dependent, surface exchange ... -
Atmospheric Transport Models for Complex Terrain
(American Meteorological Society, 1984)Two codes, ATMOS1 and ATMOS2, have been developed to model respectively, wind fields and pollutant transport in three dimensions with particular application to complex terrain. ATMOS1 models wind fields with the use of a ... -
On the Average Value of Correlated Time Series, with Applications in Dendroclimatology and Hydrometeorology
(American Meteorological Society, 1984)In a number of areas of applied climatology, time series are either averaged to enhance a common underlying signal or combined to produce area averages. How well, then, does the average of a finite number (N) of time series ... -
The Effect of Groundwater Inflow on Evaporation from a Saline Lake
(American Meteorological Society, 1984)A decade study of the hydrometeorology of Big Quill Lake in Saskatchewan, a saline prairie lake, has effectively used remote sensing to delineate groundwater inflow. The lake covers an area of 250 square kilometers with ... -
Can Shipboard Measurements Reveal Secular Changes in Tropical Air–Sea Heat Flux?
(American Meteorological Society, 1984)A new Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set for the period 1854?1979 will soon become available for studies of secular climate changes in ocean surface heat flux. Of the observed variables from which heat flux is calculated, ... -
The Role of January in the Character of Recent Winters in the United States
(American Meteorological Society, 1984)The separate contribution of December, January and February temperature to the net seasonal anomaly for the 1975?76 through 1981?82 winter seasons is analyzed. It is found that the January departures contributed by far the ... -
On the Contribution of Major Warming Episodes in the Tropical East Pacific to a Useful Prognostic Relationship Based on the Southern Oscillation
(American Meteorological Society, 1984)It is known that the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) and the mean sea surface temperature off the Peru Coast are highly coherent and that variations of the latter are dominated by infrequent warming episodes. The present ... -
Comparison of Longwave Diurnal Models Applied to Simulations of the Earth Radiation Budget Experiment
(American Meteorological Society, 1984)Simulations of the Earth Radiation Budget Experiment with several satellite sampling schemes have been used to compare three different approaches to modeling longwave diurnal behavior observed over certain kinds of land ... -
Incident Solar Radiation over Europe Estimated from METEOSAT Data
(American Meteorological Society, 1984)Daily sums of the downward solar radiation, i.e., the global radiation, have been computed from imaging data of reflected solar and emitted infrared radiation which were measured from the geostationary satellites METEOSAT ... -
Elements of the West African Monsoon Circulation Deduced from METEOSAT Cloud Winds and Simultaneous Aircraft Measurements
(American Meteorological Society, 1984)Cloud winds derived from the European geostationary satellite METEOSAT for the region of the west African monsoon are validated by DC-7 aircraft measurements for the low levels of the tropical atmosphere. Since the two ... -
Eurasian Snow Cover versus Indian Monsoon Rainfall—An Extension of the Hahn-Shukla Results
(American Meteorological Society, 1984)The apparent inverse relationship between Eurasian mean winter snow cover extent and the following warm season Indian monsoon rainfall, described by Hahn and Shukla for the 1967?75 period, is substantiated by the addition ... -
A Study of Hail Growth Utilizing Observed Storm Conditions
(American Meteorological Society, 1984)Hail growth is studied in the Westplains, Colorado, storm for which a variety of observations were collected. Measurements from a triple-Doppler radar network and a penetrating aircraft are used to synthesize fields of ... -
Rain Estimation from Satellites: An Examination of the Griffith-Woodley Technique
(American Meteorological Society, 1984)The Griffith-Woodley Technique (GWT) is an approach to estimating precipitation using infrared observations of clouds from geosynchronous satellites. It is examined in three ways: an analysis of the terms in the GWT ... -
Effects of the Boussinesq Approximation on the Results of Strongly-Buoyant Plume Calculations
(American Meteorological Society, 1984)Nearly all mathematical models which are commonly used to predict the dispersion of chimney gases in the atmosphere or heated water discharges in the aquatic environment employ the so-called Boussinesq approximation. It ... -
The Characteristics of Wind Velocity that Favor the Fitting of a Weibull Distribution in Wind Speed Analysis
(American Meteorological Society, 1984)The derivation of the Weibull distribution from the bivariate normal distribution provides theoretical justification for its use in wind speed analysis if four conditions are met. These conditions are that the orthogonal ... -
Remote Measurements of Boundary-Layer Wind Profiles Using a CW Doppler Lidar
(American Meteorological Society, 1984)We have demonstrated practical measurement of profiles of horizontal wind magnitude and direction to altitudes of 750 m by making radial velocity measurements with a Doppler lidar using conical scanning. Comparison with ... -
Controls on Advective Snowmelt in a Maritime Alpine Basin
(American Meteorological Society, 1984)The surface energy budget of a snowpack in an alpine basin near the Main Divide of New Zealand's South Island was calculated from meteorological observations during a spring melt period. The sensible and latent heat exchanges ... -
The Stability of Empirical Long-Range Forecast Techniques: A Case Study
(American Meteorological Society, 1984)The stability of simple linear regression equations for the long-range prediction of Australian spring rainfall was studied. Specifically, the way in which the accuracy of the forecasts depends on the number of years of ...