Journal of Climate and Applied Meteorology: Recent submissions
Now showing items 501-520 of 865
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Modeling of Sequences of Wet and Dry Days by Binary Discrete Autoregressive Moving Average Processes
(American Meteorological Society, 1984)The Binary Discrete Autoregressive Moving Average (B-DARMA) process, which includes the Markov chain as a particular case, is used to describe the wet-dry day sequences that are obtained from daily precipitation time series. ... -
An Investigation of the Effects of Spatially Averaging Satellite Brightness Measurements on the Calculation of Insolation
(American Meteorological Society, 1984)An investigation of the effects of spatially averaging brightness measurements from a geostationary satellite on the calculation of insolation is presented. The calculation of insolation from calibrated hourly visible GOES ... -
On the Use of Wet Bulb Temperature as an Environmental Index
(American Meteorological Society, 1984)The cooling capacity of an atmospheric environment is examined with respect to a wet object of a given surface temperature. The maximum cooling capacity (MCC) is defined as the sum of the sensible and latent heat fluxes ... -
Distribution of Water in Hailstones
(American Meteorological Society, 1984)A large number of photographs of thin sections of quenched hailstones have been studied to determine the most common patterns of water distribution within hailstones. The way in which water is distributed throughout the ... -
Meso- and Microscale Features of a Colorado Cold Front
(American Meteorological Society, 1984)Data from the NOAA BAO (Boulder Atmospheric Observatory) tower and the PROFS (Program for Regional Observing and Forecasting Services) surface mesonetwork have been used to detect the meso- and microscale flow patterns ... -
Infrared Backscattering by Irregularly Shaped Particles: A Statistical Approach
(American Meteorological Society, 1984)Shape can strongly affect scattering by particles at wavelengths near bulk absorption bands. An example is scattering by many components of the atmospheric aerosol at wavelengths in the transmission window centered around ... -
An Investigation of the Sources of Summertime Haze in the Blue Ridge Mountains Using Multivariate Statistical Methods
(American Meteorological Society, 1984)Multivariate statistical analyses are employed to identify the source areas of the fine particulates and sulfate, which are the primary components of summer haze in the Blue Ridge Mountains of Virginia. These analyses ... -
Experimental Verification of the Determination of Atmospheric Turbidity from Sunshine Recorders
(American Meteorological Society, 1984)The feasibility of determining atmospheric turbidity from the burned traces of Campbell-Stokes sunshine recorders during cloudless sunsets and sunrises is examined experimentally. Results show that atmospheric turbidity ... -
A Stochastic Model of Surface Wind Speed for Air Quality Control Purposes
(American Meteorological Society, 1984)Wind speed in the lower layers of the atmosphere is a relevant factor in pollutant dispersion and therefore its forecast is an essential datum for any reliable real-time predictor of ambient concentrations. Here a stochastic ... -
A Comparison of Several “Single-Pass” Estimators of the Standard Deviation of Wind Direction
(American Meteorological Society, 1984)Computation of the standard deviation of wind direction σ? generally requires repeated consideration of the individual measurements of wind direction. This need for multiple passes through the data sample can create a ... -
Some Long-Term Relations Between Equatorial Sea-Surface Temperature, the Four Centers of Action and 700 mb Flow
(American Meteorological Society, 1984)The relation between sea-surface temperature (SST) in the eastern equatorial Pacific (0°?10°S, 180°?;80°W), and surface pressure, latitude and longitude of the four centers of action (Icelandic and Aleutian Lows, Atlantic ... -
Remote Sounding of High Clouds. V: Infrared Properties and Structures of Tropical Thunderstorm Anvils
(American Meteorological Society, 1984)The infrared properties and structures of some anvils emanating from local thunderstorms were studied by lidar and infrared radiometry at Darwin, tropical Northern Australia. The anvils were typically from 1 to 2 km deep, ... -
Total Ozone from NOAA Satellites—A Physical Model for Obtaining Measurements with High Spatial Resolution
(American Meteorological Society, 1984)A physical model is presented for calculating the total ozone amount from HIRS radiance measurements from TIROS-N/NOAA satellites. Simulations and retrievals indicate that the total ozone amount can be retrieved with an ... -
Tropospheric Humidity Variations at Brownsville, Texas and Great Falls, Montana, 1958-80
(American Meteorological Society, 1984)As a preliminary step in evaluating the feasibility of determining meaningful tropospheric humidity trends on a hemispheric or global scale using a sparse radiosonde network, radiosonde data at the earth's surface and at ... -
Some Statistics of Instantaneous Precipitation
(American Meteorological Society, 1984)Known sources of data from arrays of instantaneous precipitation intensity recorders in southern Germany, east-central Illinois, northeastern Illinois, central Florida, and Hilo, Hawaii are obtained. These data are analyzed ... -
Seeding Stratiform Clouds: The Effects of Cloud Parameters on Aiming
(American Meteorological Society, 1984)It is shown that the trajectories of precipitation particles which grow via the riming process depend primarily on liquid water content and cloud depth, and not on the exact details of cloud temperature, crystalline shape, ... -
Liquid Water Content of Fogs and Hazes from Visible Light Scattering
(American Meteorological Society, 1984)A new method is proposed for measuring the liquid water content of fogs and hazes. It consists of a planar circular light sensor placed perpendicular to and coaxial with a narrow collimated light beam of a visible wavelength. ... -
Dewfall and Evapotranspiration Determination during Day- and Nighttime on an Irrigated Lawn
(American Meteorological Society, 1984)Dewfall and evapotranspiration have been measured with a weighable lysimeter and computed through the energy balance equation, during day and nighttime; the Kazanskiy-Monin nomograph has been used for parameterizing the ... -
Selection of a Map Grid for Data Analysis and Archival
(American Meteorological Society, 1984)Aggregation of atmospheric data using the common equal-angle (latitude-longitude) map grid is shown to introduce an unnecessary degradation of data quality compared with aggregation using an equal-area grid. Analysis of ...